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Từ \(a+b\ge1=>b\ge1-a>0\) ta có:
A = \(\dfrac{8a^2+b}{4a}+b^2\ge\dfrac{8a^2+1-a}{4a}+\left(1-a\right)^2\)
=\(\dfrac{8a^2-a+1+4a^3-8a^2+4a}{4a}=\dfrac{4a^3-4a^2+a+4a^2-4a+1+6a}{4a}\)
= \(\dfrac{a\left(2a-1\right)^2+\left(2a-1\right)^2}{4a}+\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{\left(2a-1\right)^2\left(a+1\right)}{4a}+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Vì với a>0 thì\(\dfrac{\left(2a-1\right)^2\left(a+1\right)}{4a}\ge0\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=1/2
Nên từ (1) => A\(\ge0+\dfrac{3}{2}\) hay A\(\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của A=3/2 khi a=b=1/2
A = \(\dfrac{8a^2+b}{4a}+b^2\)
Ta có: a + b \(\ge\) 1 \(\Leftrightarrow\) b \(\ge\) 1 - a
\(\Rightarrow\) A \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{8a^2+1-a}{4a}+\left(1-a\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) A \(\ge\) 2a + \(\dfrac{1}{4a}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) + 1 - 2a + a2
\(\Leftrightarrow\) A \(\ge\) a2 + \(\dfrac{1}{4a}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) A \(\ge\) a2 + \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số dương a2; \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\); \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\)
a2 + \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) \(\ge\) 3\(\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^2}{64a^2}}\) = 3\(\sqrt[3]{64}\) = 3.4 = 12
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2 + \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) \(\ge\) 12 + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) = \(\dfrac{51}{4}\)
Hay A \(\ge\) a2 + \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) \(\ge\) \(\dfrac{51}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) a2 = \(\dfrac{1}{8a}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) 8a3 = 1 \(\Leftrightarrow\) a3 = \(\dfrac{1}{8}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) a = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
và b = 1 - a \(\Leftrightarrow\) b = 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy MinA = \(\dfrac{51}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Chúc bn học tốt! (ko chắc lắm đâu)
Lời giải:
Vì $a+b\geq 1\Rightarrow b\geq 1-a; a\geq 1-b$. Do đó:
\(A\geq \frac{8a^2+1-a}{4a}+b^2=2a+\frac{1}{4a}-\frac{1}{4}+b^2\)
\(\geq a+1-b+\frac{1}{4a}-\frac{1}{4}+b^2=\left(a+\frac{1}{4a}\right)+(b^2-b+\frac{1}{4})+\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(a+\frac{1}{4a}\geq 1\)
$b^2-b+\frac{1}{4}=(b-\frac{1}{2})^2\geq 0$
Do đó: $A\geq 1+0+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{2}$
Vậy $A_{\min}=\frac{3}{2}$. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{2}$
\(\frac{8a^2+b}{4a}+b^2=2a+\frac{b}{4a}+b^2=a+a+\frac{b}{4a}+b^2\)
\(\ge a+1-b+\frac{1-a}{4a}+b^2=a+1-b+\frac{1}{4a}-\frac{1}{4}+b^2\)(do \(a+b\ge1\))
\(=\left(a+\frac{1}{4a}\right)+b^2-b+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{a\cdot\frac{1}{4a}}+\left(b-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\ge2\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=2a+\frac{b}{4a}+b^2=a+a+\frac{b}{4a}+b^2\)
\(A\ge a+1-b+\frac{1-a}{4a}+b^2\)
\(A\ge a+\frac{1}{4a}+b^2-b=a+\frac{1}{4a}+\left(b-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(A\ge a+\frac{1}{4a}-\frac{1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{4a}}-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(A_{min}=\frac{1}{4}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{1}{2}\\b=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: \(P=\dfrac{x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{y}{\left(y+z\right)+\left(y+x\right)}+\dfrac{z}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(z+y\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{x}{x+y}+\dfrac{x}{x+z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{y}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{y+x}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{z}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{z+y}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = x = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\).
