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\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(< \sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right)=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow N< 2\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\right)\)
\(N< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\right)< 2.1=2\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^3}{y+2z}+\dfrac{y^3}{z+2x}+\dfrac{z^3}{x+2y}=\dfrac{x^4}{xy+2zx}+\dfrac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\dfrac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+2zx+yz+2xy+zx+2yz}=\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
Mà ta lại có: \(xy+yz+zx\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{1^2}{3.1}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
a)\(\dfrac{x+1}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-x+1}=\dfrac{3}{x\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)}\left(1\right)\)
ĐK:\(x\ne0\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^3+1-\left(x^3-1\right)}{\left(x^2+1+x\right)\left(x^2+1-x\right)}=\dfrac{3}{x\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{\left(x^2+1\right)^2-x^2}=\dfrac{3}{x\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-3}{x\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)}=0\Rightarrow2x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(TM\right)\)
\(\dfrac{9-x}{2009}+\dfrac{11-x}{2011}=2\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{9-x}{2009}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{11-x}{2011}-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-2000-x}{2009}+\dfrac{-2000-x}{2011}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(-2000-x\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2011}\right)=0\Rightarrow x=-2000\)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+3\sqrt{bc}}+\dfrac{b}{b+3\sqrt{ca}}+\dfrac{c}{c+3\sqrt{ab}}\)
Ta áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô si dạng \(2\sqrt{xy}\le x+y\) cho các căn thức ở mẫu, khi đó ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+3\sqrt{bc}}+\dfrac{b}{b+3\sqrt{ca}}+\dfrac{c}{c+3\sqrt{ab}}\ge\) với biểu thức
\(\dfrac{2a}{2a+3b+3c}+\dfrac{2b}{3a+2b+3c}+\dfrac{2c}{3a+3b+2c}\)
Khi đó ta cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{2a}{2a+3b+3c}+\dfrac{2b}{3a+2b+3c}+\dfrac{2c}{3a+3b+2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2a+3b+3c\\y=3a+2b+3c\\z=3a+3b+2c\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(3y+3z-5x\right)\\2b=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(3z+3x-5y\right)\\2c=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(3x+3y-5z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó đẳng thức trên được viết lại thành:
\(\dfrac{3y+3z-5x}{4x}+\dfrac{3z+3x-5y}{4y}+\dfrac{3x+3y-5z}{4z}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Hay: \(3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)-15\ge3\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối cùng luôn đúng theo bất đẳng thức Cô si.
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c\)
Đặt \(x=\sqrt{a};y=\sqrt{b};z=\sqrt{c}\)
Khi đó bđt đã tro chở thành:
\(\dfrac{yz}{x^2+3yz}+\dfrac{zx}{y^2+3zx}+\dfrac{xy}{z^2+3xy}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{yz}{x^2+3yz}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{zx}{y^2+3zx}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{xy}{z^2+3xy}\ge1-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+3yz}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+3zx}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+3xy}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\) (đpcm)
\(\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{2012}\right)^2}\sqrt{2013+2\sqrt{2012}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(1-2\sqrt{503}\right)^2}\sqrt{\left(1+\sqrt{2012}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(2\sqrt{503}-1\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2012}\right)\)
\(=\left(2\sqrt{503}-1\right)\left(1+2\sqrt{503}\right)\)
\(=\left(2\sqrt{503}-1\right)\left(2\sqrt{503}+1\right)\)
\(=4\cdot503-1\)
\(=2012-1\)
\(=2011\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{a^{2012}+2011}\le\dfrac{a^{2012}+2011+1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^{2012}+2012}{\sqrt{a^{2012}+2011}}\ge\dfrac{a^{2012}+2012}{\dfrac{a^{2012}+2012}{2}}=2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a^{2012}+2011=1\Leftrightarrow a\in\varnothing\)
Vậy dấu \("="\) ko xảy ra
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^{2012}+2012}{\sqrt{a^{2012}+2011}}>2\)