\(y\ge xy+1\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\ge2\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\ge4\)

\(Q=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{2y}{x}+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}{\dfrac{y}{x}+\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=a\ge4\)

\(Q=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a^2+a}=\dfrac{2a^2-2a+1}{a^2+a}-\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)\left(3a-1\right)}{4\left(a^2+1\right)}+\dfrac{5}{4}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)

\(Q_{min}=\dfrac{5}{4}\) khi \(a=4\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)

\(x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+\dfrac{1}{27}-3xy\left(x+y\right)-xy=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+\dfrac{1}{27}-3xy\left(x+y+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x+y\right)+\dfrac{1}{9}\right]-3xy\left(x+y+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-xy-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x+y\right)+\dfrac{1}{9}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow P=...\)

(x+y)^2/x^2+y^2+(x+y)^2/xy>=(x+y)^2/x^2+y^2+xy

Dấu = xảy ra khi (x+y)^2/2xy=x/2y+y/2x+1

=>Min=2

Đề có vẻ không đầy đủ lắm. Bạn coi lại. 

ezezezezezezezez

Ta có: \(P=\sqrt{a^2+a}+\sqrt{b^2+b}+\sqrt{c^2+c}\)

\(=\sqrt{a\left(a+1\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(b+1\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(c+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\sqrt{4a\left(a+1\right)}+\sqrt{4b\left(b+1\right)}+\sqrt{4c\left(c+1\right)}\right]\)

\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{4a+a+1}{4}+\frac{4b+b+1}{4}+\frac{4c+c+1}{4}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{5\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot4=2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1/3

Lại có: \(0\le a,b,c\le1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge a^2\\b\ge b^2\\c\ge c^2\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{a^2+a^2}+\sqrt{b^2+b^2}+\sqrt{c^2+c^2}=\sqrt{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=\sqrt{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=1\\b=c=0\end{cases}}\) và các hoán vị

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$S=1+\frac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}+2+\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}$

$=3+\frac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{2xy}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{2xy}$

$\geq 3+2\sqrt{\frac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}.\frac{x^2+y^2}{2xy}}+\frac{2xy}{2xy}$

$=3+2+1=6$

Vậy $S_{\min}=6$ khi $x=y$

\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=a\Rightarrow0< a\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(P=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2-\dfrac{2x}{y}+2}{\dfrac{x}{y}+1}=\dfrac{a^2-2a+2}{a+1}=\dfrac{4a^2-8a+8}{4\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{4a^2-13a+3+5\left(a+1\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\)

\(P=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{\left(1-4a\right)\left(3-a\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{1}{4}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)