Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

THE ASEAN UNIVERSITY NETWORK

It is clear that the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, established in 1967, has achieved remarkable progress in strengthening the ties and promoting cooperation among countries in Southeast Asia, especially in terms of cultural, economic, and social collaborations. However, it was not until the Fourth ASEAN Summit in 1992 that cooperation in the fields of higher education and human resource development became the point of attention of the ASEAN leaders. The idea was later developed into the ASEAN University Network (AUN). The network was founded in November 1995 with the original number of 13 universities in ASEAN member countries. After the enlargement of ASEAN by the ASEAN Charter in 1997 and 1999, the AUN membership increased to 20 member universities, with the addition of two universities from Myanmar, three from Laos, Malaysia, and Cambodia, and two from Indonesia. The main objective of the AUN is to strengthen the existing network of cooperation among universities in ASEAN by promoting collaborative studies and research programmes. Furthermore, the AUN attempts to promote cooperation and solidarity among scientists and scholars in the region and to develop academic and professional human resources as well as to spread scientific knowledge and information among the universities in the region.

Question: The word “existing” in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by ________.

A. officially recognized

B. currently in operation

C. struggling for survival

D. facing extinction

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

THE ASEAN UNIVERSITY NETWORK

It is clear that the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, established in 1967, has achieved remarkable progress in strengthening the ties and promoting cooperation among countries in Southeast Asia, especially in terms of cultural, economic, and social collaborations. However, it was not until the Fourth ASEAN Summit in 1992 that cooperation in the fields of higher education and human resource development became the point of attention of the ASEAN leaders. The idea was later developed into the ASEAN University Network (AUN). The network was founded in November 1995 with the original number of 13 universities in ASEAN member countries. After the enlargement of ASEAN by the ASEAN Charter in 1997 and 1999, the AUN membership increased to 20 member universities, with the addition of two universities from Myanmar, three from Laos, Malaysia, and Cambodia, and two from Indonesia. The main objective of the AUN is to strengthen the existing network of cooperation among universities in ASEAN by promoting collaborative studies and research programmes. Furthermore, the AUN attempts to promote cooperation and solidarity among scientists and scholars in the region and to develop academic and professional human resources as well as to spread scientific knowledge and information among the universities in the region.

Question: The statement to which the author would most probably disagree is that _______.

A. ASEAN’s growth is significant and pretty fast

B. there are noticeable improvements in several fields in ASEAN

C. cooperation and collaborations are the key to success

D. giving higher education a low priority is reasonable

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

THE ASEAN UNIVERSITY NETWORK

It is clear that the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, established in 1967, has achieved remarkable progress in strengthening the ties and promoting cooperation among countries in Southeast Asia, especially in terms of cultural, economic, and social collaborations. However, it was not until the Fourth ASEAN Summit in 1992 that cooperation in the fields of higher education and human resource development became the point of attention of the ASEAN leaders. The idea was later developed into the ASEAN University Network (AUN). The network was founded in November 1995 with the original number of 13 universities in ASEAN member countries. After the enlargement of ASEAN by the ASEAN Charter in 1997 and 1999, the AUN membership increased to 20 member universities, with the addition of two universities from Myanmar, three from Laos, Malaysia, and Cambodia, and two from Indonesia. The main objective of the AUN is to strengthen the existing network of cooperation among universities in ASEAN by promoting collaborative studies and research programmes. Furthermore, the AUN attempts to promote cooperation and solidarity among scientists and scholars in the region and to develop academic and professional human resources as well as to spread scientific knowledge and information among the universities in the region.

Question: The ASEAN University Network ______.

A. took 2 years to establish from the original idea

B. has increased the number of universities in ASEAN

C. has developed its membership since its establishment

D. led to the enlargement of ASEAN by the ASEAN Charter

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

THE ASEAN UNIVERSITY NETWORK

It is clear that the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, established in 1967, has achieved remarkable progress in strengthening the ties and promoting cooperation among countries in Southeast Asia, especially in terms of cultural, economic, and social collaborations. However, it was not until the Fourth ASEAN Summit in 1992 that cooperation in the fields of higher education and human resource development became the point of attention of the ASEAN leaders. The idea was later developed into the ASEAN University Network (AUN). The network was founded in November 1995 with the original number of 13 universities in ASEAN member countries. After the enlargement of ASEAN by the ASEAN Charter in 1997 and 1999, the AUN membership increased to 20 member universities, with the addition of two universities from Myanmar, three from Laos, Malaysia, and Cambodia, and two from Indonesia. The main objective of the AUN is to strengthen the existing network of cooperation among universities in ASEAN by promoting collaborative studies and research programmes. Furthermore, the AUN attempts to promote cooperation and solidarity among scientists and scholars in the region and to develop academic and professional human resources as well as to spread scientific knowledge and information among the universities in the region.

Question: Not until the Fourth ASEAN Summit in 1992 did the ASEAN leaders pay attention to_____.

A. cultural, economic, and social collaborations

B. the fields of higher education and human resources

C. the establishment of the ASEAN Charter

D. the university network in each member nation

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

THE ASEAN UNIVERSITY NETWORK

It is clear that the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, established in 1967, has achieved remarkable progress in strengthening the ties and promoting cooperation among countries in Southeast Asia, especially in terms of cultural, economic, and social collaborations. However, it was not until the Fourth ASEAN Summit in 1992 that cooperation in the fields of higher education and human resource development became the point of attention of the ASEAN leaders. The idea was later developed into the ASEAN University Network (AUN). The network was founded in November 1995 with the original number of 13 universities in ASEAN member countries. After the enlargement of ASEAN by the ASEAN Charter in 1997 and 1999, the AUN membership increased to 20 member universities, with the addition of two universities from Myanmar, three from Laos, Malaysia, and Cambodia, and two from Indonesia. The main objective of the AUN is to strengthen the existing network of cooperation among universities in ASEAN by promoting collaborative studies and research programmes. Furthermore, the AUN attempts to promote cooperation and solidarity among scientists and scholars in the region and to develop academic and professional human resources as well as to spread scientific knowledge and information among the universities in the region.

Question: All of the following could be strategies of the AUN to achieve its goals EXCEPT _______.

A. national training programmes for developing human resources

B. conferences on education and science

C. the transfer of scientific knowledge and information among its members

D. exchange programmes for students and professors

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

When Malaysia takes the ASEAN chair next year, it will face a huge challenge. Too few of us know enough about this grouping we call the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. We do not know what it means to be a part of ASEAN and why it is important to us. At the same time, pressure is mounting to reinvent ASEAN to make it more people-centric and less government-centric. The Heat speaks to Global Movement of Moderates CEO Saifuddin Abdullah on why ASEAN should mean more to us than just acronyms.

ASEAN people do not feel like they are a part of the community of Southeast Asian nations. This statement, backed up by survey findings, is pretty bizarre, and extremely hurtful too, considering that ASEAN is 47 years old today. "Interview 10 persons on the street and you would perhaps get only one of them who knows about ASEAN,” says Datuk Saifuddin Abdullah. This CEO of Global Movement of Moderates (GMM) is not running down ASEAN; he's confronting the truth as it impacts the project he has been entrusted with. Here's more, in 2012, the ASEAN Secretariat conducted a survey that showed only 34% of Malaysians had heard of the ASEAN community. This compares with 96% of Laotians. Malaysia chairs ASEAN next year, and GMM is a member of the national steering committee organising the ASEAN People's Forum (APF), a platform designed to bridge the gap between governments and civil society. Never heard of it? You're forgiven.

The APF actually started off life in the 1990s, except it was called the ASEAN People's Assembly (APA). It was held back to back with the ASEAN Summit, which is held twice a year. The APA is the forum where 10 leaders of government engage with 10 leaders of civil society in a half-hour meeting. "It was going well until one year when the chairman decided not to hold the APA, so it was discontinued until 2005 when Malaysia took the chairmanship of ASEAN again and founded the ASEAN People's Forum (APF)," Saifuddin explains. In a perfect world, forums such as the APF or its predecessor APA would have worked perfectly to bridge the gap between government and civil society.

However, as Saifuddin points out, Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) often do not see eye to eye with their governments. For instance this year, Myanmar is chair of ASEAN and in the APF, three member nations - including Malaysia - decided not to recognise the CSO leaders chosen as representatives so the APF did not take place. “This is where the GMM wants to play a role in ensuring that this situation does not arise again," Saifuddin says.

Question. Which of the following would serve as the best title for the passage?

A. How important was the ASEAN People's Forum?

B. Who is going to be the ASEAN chair next year?

C. What does it mean to be a part of ASEAN?

D. Why do GMM play an important role in ASEAN?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

When Malaysia takes the ASEAN chair next year, it will face a huge challenge. Too few of us know enough about this grouping we call the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. We do not know what it means to be a part of ASEAN and why it is important to us. At the same time, pressure is mounting to reinvent ASEAN to make it more people-centric and less government-centric. The Heat speaks to Global Movement of Moderates CEO Saifuddin Abdullah on why ASEAN should mean more to us than just acronyms.

ASEAN people do not feel like they are a part of the community of Southeast Asian nations. This statement, backed up by survey findings, is pretty bizarre, and extremely hurtful too, considering that ASEAN is 47 years old today. "Interview 10 persons on the street and you would perhaps get only one of them who knows about ASEAN,” says Datuk Saifuddin Abdullah. This CEO of Global Movement of Moderates (GMM) is not running down ASEAN; he's confronting the truth as it impacts the project he has been entrusted with. Here's more, in 2012, the ASEAN Secretariat conducted a survey that showed only 34% of Malaysians had heard of the ASEAN community. This compares with 96% of Laotians. Malaysia chairs ASEAN next year, and GMM is a member of the national steering committee organising the ASEAN People's Forum (APF), a platform designed to bridge the gap between governments and civil society. Never heard of it? You're forgiven.

The APF actually started off life in the 1990s, except it was called the ASEAN People's Assembly (APA). It was held back to back with the ASEAN Summit, which is held twice a year. The APA is the forum where 10 leaders of government engage with 10 leaders of civil society in a half-hour meeting. "It was going well until one year when the chairman decided not to hold the APA, so it was discontinued until 2005 when Malaysia took the chairmanship of ASEAN again and founded the ASEAN People's Forum (APF)," Saifuddin explains. In a perfect world, forums such as the APF or its predecessor APA would have worked perfectly to bridge the gap between government and civil society.

However, as Saifuddin points out, Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) often do not see eye to eye with their governments. For instance this year, Myanmar is chair of ASEAN and in the APF, three member nations - including Malaysia - decided not to recognise the CSO leaders chosen as representatives so the APF did not take place. “This is where the GMM wants to play a role in ensuring that this situation does not arise again," Saifuddin says.

Question. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the APF according to the passage?

A. APF consists of 20 leaders.

B. APF is held every two years.

C. APF is reorganised in 2005.

D. APF lasts for 30 minutes.