1. They prayed that their daughter ........ be lucky again

a. may b. wil c. could d. might

2. He ............. all that money , so she could save some

a. didn't need to spend b. needn't have spent

c. shouldn't spent d. oughtn't spend

3. he spent all that money last week . He ...... so much

a. didn't need to spend b. shouldn't spent

c.needn't have spend d. didn't have to spend

4. he had to work hard so that he .......... his family

a. may support b. supported c. can support d. might support

5. they have plenty of time , so they need not ....

a, be hurry b. to hurry c. hurry d, to be hurry

6. you're having a sore throat . You'd better ....... to the doctor

a. to go b. went c. go d. going

7. I would rather ........ poor but happy than become rich without happiness

a. being b. be c. to be d. was

8. sit down please ......... a cup of tea ?

a. Do you like b. do you like to drink

c. would you like d. will you like

9. Must you come when yur neighbour calls ?

No , I .............

a. must not b. mustn't c. don't have to d. must not come

10 . May i have 2 tickets , please ? ............. two tickets , please ?

a.. you must given me b. you have got to give me

c. could i have d. you may give me

11. he will have to stay in hospital . That's what he ...........

a. has done b. must do c. must be doing d. must have done

12. do you have to buy this hat ? No , I................ It isn't neccessary

a .mustn't b. won't c. needn't d. don't needn't

13. A man have never too many ties . It's .............

a. unable b. impossible c. improbable d. incapable

14. it could not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz

a. might not b. may not c. mustn't d. wasn't able to

1: Mr. Brown is very rich . He ...... work hard for a living

A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. dosen't have to

2: Tom has just got a new jod . He ....... be very pleased

A. might B. must C. should D. will

3: Tom planted his room black . It looks dark and dreary . He ........ have chosen another color

A. should B. must C. could D. may

4: ....... you carry this bag for me ?

A. may B. should C . will D. shall

5:You ......... throw litter on the stressts

A. mustn't B. couldn't C. needn't D. won't

6 : My mother permitted me to go out at night . She said , " you ....... go out tonight "

A . may B. have to C. must D. ought to

7: It is possible that she will come to out party tonight . She ...... come tonight

A. need B. may C. should D . will

8: They can type . They ........ type

a. lean how to B. are able to C. know how to D. both B & C

9: He advised me to take an English course . I .................. take it early

A. should B. shall C. will D. may

10: I'd rather .......... in the field than ............ home

A: to work / to stay B. work / stay C . woring / staying D. worked / stayed

11: As an orphan , he .......... earn his living alone

A . have to B. has had to C. ought to D. had to

Ex 1 : Choose the best answer A , B , C or D to complete the sentences

2 . He ..........................have committed the crime beacuse he was with me that day

A mustn't B shouldn 't C won't D couldn't

3 . Since we have to be there by 8 . 30 , we ..............take a taxi .

A had better B may C ought D are able to

4 . It .................rain this evening . Why don't you take an umbrella ?

A could be B must C might D had better

5 ..................you help me with the homework ?

A may B shall C should D will

VII. Choose the correct completion. 1. I'm not an astronaut. If I...........an astronaut, I ................. my camera with me on the rocket ship. A. am/ will take B. was/ would take
C. were/ had taken D. was/ would have taken
2. Don't throw aerosol into a fire. An aerosol .......... if you ................ it into a fire.
A. will be exploded/ throw B. would explode/ threw
C. explodes/ will .throw D. can explode/ throw
3. That sounds like a good offer. I.................it if I................you.
A. had accepted/ were B. will accept/ am
C. would accept/ were D. accepted' were
4. Nora is using my car right now. If she................ it back in time. Your welcome to borrow it.
A. brought .B. would bring C. will bring D. brings
5. If energy ......................inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be different.
A. is B. was C. had been D. would be
6. If you ............... all of my questions, I ...................... anything to help you.
A. don't answer/ can't do B. didn't answer/ won't do
C. wouldn't answer/ can't do B. wouldn't answer/ couldn't do
7. If I ................... wings,....................... take an airplane to fly home.
A. have/ won't have to B. had/ wouldn't have
C. have/ will have to D. had/ didn't have to
8. 'Here's my phone' number.
'Thanks, I ................you a call if I .................... some help.
A. will give/ will need B. would give/ needed
C. give/ need D. will give/ need
9. If we .......................serious about pollution, we ...................... more money on research.
A. had been/ spent B. were/ had spent
C. were/ would spend D. are/ will spend
10. Sea water is salty. If the oceans.................of fresh water, there ............. plenty of water to irrigate all of the deserts in the worlD.
A. consisted/ would be B. consisted/ were C. would consist/ could be D. consist/ will be

1: when my farther was young , he ….... work in the garden for long hours

A: can B: could C: will D: should

2: He ........ have comminitted the crime because he was with me that day

A: must B: shouldn't C: won't D: couldn't

5: Since we have to there by 8.30 , we ........ take a taxi

A: Had better B: May C: ought. D : are able to

6: It ...... rain this evening . Why don't you take an umbrelly ?

A: could be B: must C: might. D : will

7: ....... you help me with the homework ?

A: may. B: shall. C: should. D: will

8: she hasn't eaten anything since yesterday. She..... be really hungry

A: might. B: will. C: must. D : can

9: I put my keys on the table, but now it's gone. Someone.....have taken it

A: may. B: had to. C: should. D: would rather

10: Daisy is reading her English test because she has a test tomorrow. She .....be studying

A: will. B: should. C: must. D: can

11: We ....... put the fish in the fridge before it spoils

A: had to B: may. C: can. D: had better

Ex 3 : Complete the sentences using the given words .

mustn't don't have to should ought

1 . You ..............type your essay but if you want . you can do it .

2 I ...................go home too late . My parents are very strict .

3 She is an expert adviser : thus , I think you ...................to ask her for some advice .

4 . You ............ask your teacher if you don't understand the lesson .

shouldn 't have to ought not must

5 . I ..................finish home work before going to class . My teacher is rather strict.

6 . We .....................show respect to our parents .

7 . I think you ................stay up late because it is not good for your health .

8 . If you want to help your friend , you ...........to do her homework . Instead , you should show her how to do it by herself

1. This plane could get over the mountain if it rose to 10000 feet . This means it ........... over the mountain

a: would succeed in getting b. got c. was able to get d. had got

2: The plane was then able to rise . This means it ........

a. could rise b. might rise c. might succeed in rising d. rose

3. Byrd knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole . It would be ...........

a. impossible b. necessary c. able d. possible

4. He ought not .... him but he did

a. to tell b. to telling c. tell d. to have told

5. I'd rather you .......... that

a.do b. don't do c. won't do d. didn't

6. ............... run so fast ? a. dose he need b. need he to c. need he d. needs he

7. He didn't need ........... out of his room in Moscow .

a. go b. to going c. going d. to go

8.I could not ... it even thought i had wanted to do so

a. had bought b. buy c. buying d. have bought

9. I left my pen this box , but it isn't there now . Someone ....... it

a. must have taken b. must take c. had to take d. had taken

10. Marry received 100 dolars from her sister . she.......... the ring she she wanted . It only cocts 10 dollars

a. buys b. had bought c. bought d. might have bought

11. It lost my honda last week . I hadn't locked it . You ....... it

a. should lock b. should have locked c. ought to lock d. could lock

12. In 1900 the word had no deaths from rabies . Scientists ........ wonderful vaccine .

a. has discovered b. discovered c. must have discovered d. should have discover

Ex 1 : Choose the best answer A , B , C or D to complete the sentences

10 . Mr . Brown is very rich . He ...........work hand for a living

A Mustn't B shouldn't C can't D doesn't have to

11 . Tom has just got a new job . He .....................be very pleased.

A might B must c should D will

12 Tom panted his room black . It looks dark and dreary . He .............have chosen another colour.

A should B must C could d may

I. Circle the word that is pronounced differently from the others.
1. bear leave peace cheap
2. near here ear meat
3. hair chair rain air
4. tour pour four thought
5. gulf hunt sure current
II. Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
challenged discoveries overcome investigating contribution
covered conservation entrapment maintained migrate
1. Scientists have made many important new.......... of the depth by using modern devices.
2. Community police have made a very positive ................to crime prevention.
3. This new discovery traditional beliefs. Some whales are known to.............into warm
waters to bear their calves.
5. Seventy-five percent of the earth surface is .............by water.
6. Unless the biodiversity were.............marine life would be at stake.
7. Scientists are.....................how the crash occurred.
8. Sperm whale populations are at risk due to hunting and their accidental in
..............fishing nets.
9. What can I do to.................my fear of flying?
10. The government has just set up a wildlife....................project.
III. Choose the word or phrase that could best explain the underlined word or phrase
in each sentence.
1. If modern technology did not exist, we would never have such precious information.
A. valuable B. precise C. confidential D. detailed
2. Some marine animals are dangerous to humans.
A. living in the mountain B. living in the ocean
C. living in the forest D. living in the house
3. The floor was covered in tiny pieces of paper.
A. unimportant B. many C. very large D. extremely small
4. Sperm whales and sharks are carnivores.
A. animals that live in the sea B. animals that only eat plants
C. fish that aren't born from eggs D. animals that eat meat
5. We enjoyed the warm water of the Gulf of Thailand.
A. a small sea
B. a large area of ocean almost surrounded by land
C. a part of the sea enclosed by a wide curve of the shore
D. a large area of water surrounded by land
IV. Complete these sentences with should/ shouldn't + infinitive (or a passive form)
using one of these verbs: include, keep, meet, refrigerate-ate, stay, break, tell, warn,
take, play.
1. Those boys ................... football on the street. It's very dangerous.
2. This medicine ................... in a cool place.
3. You...............him about this deal. It's supposed to be absolutely confidential.
4. Here's someone you really .....................

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5. She................. in bed all day unless she's ill.
6. According to the label, the jam................ after opening.
7. You'll catch cold if you go out like that. I think you ...........a hat.
8. People ................of the danger of swimming off this beach.
9. This information you send ............. details of courses taken at university.
10. People ....................their promises.
V. Give advice to the following people. Use I think ... should or I don't think ... should
and one of these phrases.
go to the dentist take them back to the shop
tell your bank wait
go to work tell them to buy fruit
drive be more careful
write to people work so hard
1. Kate is crying because I knocked her over. We were playing a game.
_____________________________________________________
2. Peter's got a very bad colD.
_____________________________________________________
3. Ann's phone bill was enormous! Three hundred pounds!
_____________________________________________________
4. Keith wants to drive home, but he hasn't got his glasses.
_____________________________________________________
5. I've lost my cheque book and credit cards.
_____________________________________________________
6. My children spend all their pocket money on sweets.
_____________________________________________________
VI. Comment on these situations. Use a type 2 conditional.
1. Alan always overeats at lunch because he never eats breakfast.
If Alan cite breakfast, he wouldn't overeat at lunch.
2. I don't know enough about the machine, so I can't mend it myself.
__________________________________________________________________
3. I don't ride the bus to work every morning because it's always so crowded.
_________________________________________________________________
4. Not enough money is spent on cancer research, so a prevention has not been found.
_________________________________________________________________
5. The wind is blowing harD. so I won't take the boat out for a ride.
_________________________________________________________________
6. Nick can't find the way because he hasn't got a map.
_________________________________________________________________
7. I can't look the word up because I haven't got a dictionary.
_________________________________________________________________
8. Linus is smart, so he finds clever solutions to life's problems.
_________________________________________________________________
VII. Choose the correct completion.
1. I'm not an astronaut. If I...........an astronaut, I ................. my camera with me on the
rocket ship.

3

A. am/ will take B. was/ would take
C. were/ had taken D. was/ would have taken
2. Don't throw aerosol into a fire. An aerosol .......... if you ................ it into a fire.
A. will be exploded/ throw B. would explode/ threw
C. explodes/ will .throw D. can explode/ throw
3. That sounds like a good offer. I.................it if I................you.
A. had accepted/ were B. will accept/ am
C. would accept/ were D. accepted' were
4. Nora is using my car right now. If she................ it back in time. Your welcome to
borrow it.
A. brought .B. would bring C. will bring D. brings
3. If energy ......................inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be
different.
A. is B. was C. had been D. would be
5. If you ............... all of my questions, I ...................... anything to help you.
A. don't answer/ can't do B. didn't answer/ won't do
C. wouldn't answer/ can't do B. wouldn't answer/ couldn't do
4. If I ................... wings,....................... take an airplane to fly home.
A. have/ won't have to B. had/ wouldn't have
C. have/ will have to D. had/ didn't have to
5. 'Here's my phone' number.
'Thanks, I ................you a call if I .................... some help.
A. will give/ will need B. would give/ needed
C. give/ need D. will give/ need
6. If we .......................serious about pollution, we ...................... more money on research.
A. had been/ spent B. were/ had spent
C. were/ would spend D. are/ will spend
7. Sea water is salty. If the oceans.................of fresh water, there ............. plenty of water
to irrigate all of the deserts in the worlD.
A. consisted/ would be B. consisted/ were
C. would consist/ could be D. consist/ will be