a)

\(\begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {CD}  = \overrightarrow {AD}  + \overrightarrow {CB} \\ \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow {AB}  - \overrightarrow {CB}  = \overrightarrow {AD}  - \overrightarrow {CD} \\ \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  = \overrightarrow {AD}  + \overrightarrow {DC} \\ \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow {AC}  = \overrightarrow {AC} \end{array}\)

(luôn đúng)

b) \(\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {CD}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {DA}  = \overrightarrow 0 \)

Ta có:

\(\begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {CD}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {DA}  = (\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BC} ) + (\overrightarrow {CD}  + \overrightarrow {DA} )\\ = \overrightarrow {AC}  + \overrightarrow {CA}  = \overrightarrow 0 \end{array}\)

Chú ý khi giải

+) Hiệu hai vecto chung gốc: \(\overrightarrow {AB}  - \overrightarrow {AC}  = \overrightarrow {CB} \) (suy ra từ tổng \(\overrightarrow {AB}  = \overrightarrow {AC}  + \overrightarrow {CB} \))

+) Với 4 điểm A, B, C, D bất kì ta có: \(\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {CD}  + \overrightarrow {DA}  = \overrightarrow {AA}  = \overrightarrow 0 \)

a) Chữa đề: \(\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{DB}=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{DA}=2\overrightarrow{NM}\)

\(Ta\text{ }có:\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{DB}=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{DA}+\overrightarrow{AB}\\ =\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{DA}+\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AB}\right)=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{DA}\)

\(\)\(\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{DB}=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{DC}\\ =2\overrightarrow{CM}+2\overrightarrow{NC}=2\left(\overrightarrow{NC}+\overrightarrow{CM}\right)=2\overrightarrow{NM}\)

Vậy \(\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{DB}=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{DA}=2\overrightarrow{NM}\)

\(\text{b) }\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{BD}+\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{BC}=-\left(\overrightarrow{DA}+\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)\\ =-\left[\left(\overrightarrow{DA}+\overrightarrow{DB}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)\right]\\ =-\left(2\overrightarrow{DM}+2\overrightarrow{CM}\right)=2\left(\overrightarrow{MD}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right)=4\left(\overrightarrow{MN}\right)\)

\(\text{c) }2\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AI}+\overrightarrow{NA}+\overrightarrow{DA}\right)\\ =2\left[\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{DA}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{AI}+\overrightarrow{NA}\right)\right]\\ =2\left[\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{DB}\right)+\overrightarrow{NI}\right]=2\left(\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{NI}\right)\)

Mà IN là dường trung bình \(\Delta BCD\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}IN//BD\\IN=\frac{1}{2}BD\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{IN}=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BD}\\ \Rightarrow2\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AI}+\overrightarrow{NA}+\overrightarrow{DA}\right)\\ =2\left(\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{NI}\right)=2\left(\overrightarrow{DB}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{DB}\right)=2\cdot\frac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{DB}=3\overrightarrow{DB}\)

\(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BD}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BD}+\overrightarrow{CB}=\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{CB}\)

\(\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{OC}+\overrightarrow{OD}=\left(\overrightarrow{OE}+\overrightarrow{EA}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{OF}+\overrightarrow{FB}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{OE}+\overrightarrow{EC}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{OF}+\overrightarrow{FD}\right)\)

\(=2\left(\overrightarrow{OE}+\overrightarrow{EF}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{EA}+\overrightarrow{EC}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{FB}+\overrightarrow{FD}\right)\)

\(=2.\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{0}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

a) \(\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {CD}  + \overrightarrow {DA}  = \left( {\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BC} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {CD}  + \overrightarrow {DA} } \right) = \overrightarrow {AC}  + \overrightarrow {CA}  = \overrightarrow {AA}  = \overrightarrow 0 \)

b) \(\overrightarrow {AB}  - \overrightarrow {AD}  = \overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {DA}  = \overrightarrow {DA}  + \overrightarrow {AB}  = \overrightarrow {DB} \)

c) \(\overrightarrow {CB}  - \overrightarrow {CD}  = \overrightarrow {CB}  + \overrightarrow {DC}  = \overrightarrow {DC}  + \overrightarrow {CB}  = \overrightarrow {DB} \)

câu 2 ( các kí hiệu vecto khi lm bài thỳ b tự viết nhé mk k viết kí hiệu để trả lời cho nhanh hỳ hỳ )

OA+ OB + OC = OA'+ OB' + OC'

<=> OA - OA' + OB - OB' + OC - OC' = 0

<=> A'A + B'B + C'C = 0

<=> 2 ( BA + CB + AC ) = 0

<=> 2 ( CB + BA + AC ) = 0

<=> 2 ( CA + AC ) = 0

<=> 0 = 0 ( luôn đúng )

câu 1 ( các kí hiệu vecto b cx tự viết nhá )

VT = OD + OC = OA + AD + OB + BC = OA + OB + AD + BC = BO + OB + AD + BC = 0 + AD + BC = AD + BC = VP ( đpcm)

Áp dụng quy tắc ba điểm ta có:

\(\overrightarrow a  = \overrightarrow {AC}  + \overrightarrow {CB}  = \overrightarrow {AB} \); \(\overrightarrow b  = \overrightarrow {DB}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  = \overrightarrow {DC} \)

Mà ABCD là hình thang nên AB//DC. Mặt khác vectơ \(\overrightarrow {AB} \) và vectơ \(\overrightarrow {DC} \) đều có hướng từ trái sang phải, suy ra vectơ \(\overrightarrow {AB} \) và vectơ \(\overrightarrow {DC} \)cùng hướng

Vậy hai vectơ \(\overrightarrow a \) và \(\overrightarrow b \) cùng hướng.

a.\(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}=\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{CB}\)

VT:\(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}\)

=\(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AD}\)

=\(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CB}=0\left(đpcm\right)\)

b.\(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}+\overrightarrow{EA}=\overrightarrow{ED}+\overrightarrow{CB}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}+\overrightarrow{EA}+\overrightarrow{DE}+\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CE}+\overrightarrow{EA}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AE}+\overrightarrow{EA}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{0}=\overrightarrow{0}\left(LĐ\right)\)

Fuck

a)

 \(\begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {CD}  + \overrightarrow {DA}  = \left( {\overrightarrow {AB}  + \overrightarrow {BC} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {CD}  + \overrightarrow {DA} } \right)\\ = \overrightarrow {AC}  + \overrightarrow {CA}  = \overrightarrow {AA}  = \overrightarrow 0 .\end{array}\)

b)

\(\overrightarrow {AC}  - \overrightarrow {AD}  = \overrightarrow {DC} \) và \(\overrightarrow {BC}  - \overrightarrow {BD}  = \overrightarrow {DC} \)

\( \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AC}  - \overrightarrow {AD}  = \overrightarrow {BC}  - \overrightarrow {BD} \)

Ta có:

\(\overrightarrow {MN}  = \overrightarrow {MA}  + \overrightarrow {AD}  + \overrightarrow {DN} \)

Mặt khác: \(\overrightarrow {MN}  = \overrightarrow {MB}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {CN} \)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow 2\overrightarrow {MN}  = \overrightarrow {MA}  + \overrightarrow {AD}  + \overrightarrow {DN}  + \overrightarrow {MB}  + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {CN} \\ \Leftrightarrow 2\overrightarrow {MN}  = \left( {\overrightarrow {MA}  + \overrightarrow {MB} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {DN}  + \overrightarrow {CN} } \right) + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {AD} \\ \Leftrightarrow 2\overrightarrow {MN}  = \overrightarrow 0  + \overrightarrow 0  + \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {AD} \\ \Leftrightarrow 2\overrightarrow {MN}  = \overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {AD} \end{array}\)

Lại có: 

\(\overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {AD}  = \overrightarrow {BD}  + \overrightarrow {DC}  + \overrightarrow {AD}  = \overrightarrow {AD}  + \overrightarrow {DC} + \overrightarrow {BD}  = \overrightarrow {AC}  + \overrightarrow {BD} .\)

Vậy \(\overrightarrow {BC}  + \overrightarrow {AD}  = 2\overrightarrow {MN}  = \;\overrightarrow {AC}  + \overrightarrow {BD} .\)