\(D=\sqrt{\left(a^2+6a\right)\left(a^2+6a+5\right)\left(a^2+6a+8\right)+36}\)

Đặt a^2+6a=x

=>\(D=\sqrt{x\left(x+5\right)\left(x+8\right)+36}\)

\(=\sqrt{x\left(x^2+13x+40\right)+36}\)

\(=\sqrt{x^3+13x^2+40x+36}\)

=>\(D=\sqrt{x^3+9x^2+4x^2+36x+4x+36}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(x+9\right)\left(x^2+4x+4\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2+6a+9\right)\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

=|a+3|*|x+2| là số nguyên

Nhìn cái D cồng kềnh thế thôi chứ key vô cùng EZ.

\(D=\sqrt{a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a+4\right)\left(a+5\right)\left(a+6\right)+36}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left[a\left(a+6\right)\right]\left[\left(a+1\right)\left(a+5\right)\right]\left[\left(a+2\right)\left(a+4\right)\right]+36}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2+6a\right)\left(a^2+6a+5\right)\left(a^2+6a+8\right)+36}\)

Đặt \(a^2+6a=x\)

Ta có:

\(D=\sqrt{x\left(x+5\right)\left(x+8\right)+36}=\sqrt{x^3+13x^2+40x+36}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(x+9\right)\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

Thay \(x=a^2+6a\) ta có:

\(D=\sqrt{\left(a^2+6a+9\right)\left(a^2+6a+2\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(a+3\right)^2\left(a+6a+2\right)^2}=\left(a+3\right)\left(a+6a+2\right)\)

là số nguyên vs a nguyên khác 0 nha !

\(\sqrt{a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a+4\right)\left(a+5\right)\left(a+6\right)+36}\)

=\(\sqrt{\left(a\left(a+4\right)\left(a+5\right)\right).\left(\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a+6\right)\right)+36}\)

\(\sqrt{\left(a^3+9a^2+20a\right).\left(a^3+9a^2+20a+12\right)+36}\)

Đặt a^3+9a^2+20a+6=k(k thuộc Z)

ta có\(\sqrt{\left(k-6\right)\left(k+6\right)+36}=\sqrt{k^2-36+36}=\sqrt{k^2}=k\)

Vì k thuộc Z

=>A thuộc Z

tick nha

\(a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a+4\right)\left(a+5\right)\left(a+6\right)+36=\left(a^2+6a\right)\left(a^2+6a+5\right)\left(a^2+6a+8\right)+36\)
Đặt \(a^2+6a=t\) ta có:\(t\left(t+5\right)\left(t+8\right)+36=t\left(t^2+13t+40\right)=t^3+13t^2+40t+36=\left(t+9\right)\left(t+2\right)^2\)

Do đó \(\sqrt{\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a+4\right)\left(a+5\right)\left(a+6\right)+36}=\sqrt{\left(a^2+6a+9\right)\left(a^2+6a+2\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(a+3\right)^2\left(a^2+6a+2\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(a+3\right)\left(a^2+6a+2\right)\)(Dấu () ở đây là giá trị tuyệt đối nha)

Do đó với a nguyên thì \(\left(a+3\right)\left(a^2+6a+2\right)\)nguyên (Dấu () ở đây là giá trị tuyệt đối nha) 

Vậy nếu a nguyên thì \(\sqrt{\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a+4\right)\left(a+5\right)\left(a+6\right)+36}\)nguyên

Lời giải:

\(a(a+1)(a+2)(a+4)(a+5)(a+6)+36=[a(a+4)(a+5)][(a+1)(a+2)(a+6)]+36\)

\(=(a^3+9a^2+20a)(a^3+9a^2+20a+12)+36\)

\(=(a^3+9a^2+20a)^2+12(a^3+9a^2+20a)+36\)

\(=(a^3+9a^2+20a+6)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{a(a+1)(a+2)(a+4)(a+5)+36}=|a^3+9a^2+20a+6|\) có giá trị nguyên với mọi $a$ nguyên (đpcm)

Đặt \(x=a+b+c;y=ab+bc+ac;z=abc\)

Suy ra : \(2\left(1+abc\right)+\sqrt{2\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)}\ge\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(1+z\right)+\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-2xz-2y+1\right)}\ge x+y+z+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-2xz-2y+1\right)\ge\left(x+y-z-1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2-2xy-2xz+2x+2yz-2y-2z+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-z+1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy bđt ban đầu được chứng minh

a) \(\dfrac{\left(2+\sqrt{a}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}{2\sqrt{a}+3}=\dfrac{\left(2+\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(2+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{2\sqrt{a}+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{1.\left(2\sqrt{a}+3\right)}{2\sqrt{a}+3}=1\)

b) \(\left(\dfrac{1-a\sqrt{a}}{1-\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\right):\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)^2\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{1-\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\right).\dfrac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1+\sqrt{a}\right).\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}=\left(a+2\sqrt{a}+1\right).\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2.\dfrac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}=1\)

a, \(VT=\dfrac{\left(2+\sqrt{a}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}{2\sqrt{a}+3}=\dfrac{a+4\sqrt{a}+4-a-2\sqrt{a}-1}{2\sqrt{a}+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{a}+3}{2\sqrt{a}+3}=1=VP\)

Vậy ta có đpcm 

b, \(VT=\left(\dfrac{1-a\sqrt{a}}{1-\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\right):\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)^2\)

\(=\left(1+\sqrt{a}+a+\sqrt{a}\right):\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}{\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}=1=VP\)

Vậy ta có đpcm 

Bài 1:Với \(ab=1;a+b\ne0\) ta có: 

\(P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3\left(ab\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4\left(ab\right)^2}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5\left(ab\right)}\)

\(=\frac{a^3+b^3}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^5}\)

\(=\frac{a^2+b^2-1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^4}+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)\left(a+b\right)^2+3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)+3\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+4\left(a^2+b^2\right)+4}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+2ab\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=\frac{\left[\left(a+b\right)^2\right]^2}{\left(a+b\right)^4}=1\)

Bài 2: \(2x^2+x+3=3x\sqrt{x+3}\)

Đk:\(x\ge-3\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x\sqrt{x+3}-x\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)-\sqrt{x+3}\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)\left(2x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+3}=x\\\sqrt{x+3}=2x\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+3=x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\\x+3=4x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-x-3=0\left(x\ge0\right)\\4x^2-x-3=0\left(x\ge0\right)\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=1\end{cases}\left(x\ge0\right)}\)

Bài 4:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: 

\(2\sqrt{ab}\le a+b\le1\Rightarrow b\le\frac{1}{4a}\)

Ta có: \(a^2-\frac{3}{4a}-\frac{a}{b}\le a^2-\frac{3}{4a}-4a^2=-\left(3a^2+\frac{3}{4a}\right)\)

\(=-\left(3a^2+\frac{3}{8a}+\frac{3}{8a}\right)\le-3\sqrt[3]{3a^2\cdot\frac{3}{8a}\cdot\frac{3}{8a}}=-\frac{9}{4}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)