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Ta có:\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)\) (Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM)
Tương tự với hai BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế ta thu được đpcm.
\(A=\frac{a^3}{abc}+\frac{b^3}{abc}+\frac{c^3}{abc}=\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\frac{1}{abc}\)
Cm với a+b+c=0 thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)(1) .Từ đó tính dc A, muốn cm(1) bạn xét hiệu nhé
\(\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)(luôn đúng vì a+b+c=0)
Từ giả thiết ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^3=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=1\)
\(\frac{3}{ab+bc+ac}=\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{ab+bc+c}=\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+6\)
\(\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=2+\frac{4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cosi cho 2 số dương ta có:
\(\frac{3}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge6+2+2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}=8+2\sqrt{12}\)
\(>8+2\sqrt{9}=14\)
\(VT=\frac{a^3}{a^2+abc}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+abc}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+abc}\)
Xét \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+bc+ac}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+ab+bc+ac}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ab+bc+ac}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT=\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b^3}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^3}{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Áp dụng bdt Cauchy ta có :
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{8}+\frac{a+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{64}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có :
\(VT+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)--\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=3\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
\(VT=\frac{a^3}{a^2+abc}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+abc}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+abc}\)
Xét \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+bc+ac}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+ab+bc+ac}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ab+bc+ac}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT=\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b^3}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^3}{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có :
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{8}+\frac{a+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{64}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có :
\(VT+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=3\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c;a+c=-b;b+c=-a\)
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{\left(b-c\right)\left(c+a\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=1+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{bc+ab-c^2-ac+bc+c^2-ab-ac}{-a\cdot-b}\)
\(=1+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(2bc-2ac\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}=1+-\frac{2c\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}=1+\frac{-2c\cdot-c}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\c+a=-b\end{cases}}\)thay vào biểu thức đã cho:
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)\)\(=\frac{-c}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{-c}+\frac{b-c}{-a}+\frac{c-a}{-b}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{-c\left(b-c\right)}{-a\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{-c\left(c-a\right)}{-b\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{c\left(b-c\right)}{a\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c\left(c-a\right)}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{ac\left(c-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{b^2c-bc^2+ac^2-a^2c}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{c\left(b^2-a^2\right)-\left(bc^2-ac^2\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(a+b\right)-c^2\left(b-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{\left(b-a\right).\left[c\left(a+b\right)-c^2\right]}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{\left(a-b\right).\left[c^2-c\left(a+b\right)\right]}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{c^2-\left(-c\right).c}{ab}=1+\frac{c^2-\left(-c^2\right)}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\)(đpcm).
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki, ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\right)^2\)
Mà \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}=\frac{a}{ab+a+abc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{abc+bc+b}=\frac{1}{b+1+bc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{1+bc+1}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(ab+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
ta có \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{bc+b+1}=1\)
đặt \(H=\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức bunhiacopxki ta có
\(H\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ac+c+1}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow H\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
hay \(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
Xét 2 trường hợp :
+) TH : \(\frac{a^2+16bc}{b^2+c^2}\ge\frac{a^2}{b^2}\)
Dễ thấy \(\frac{b^2+16ac}{c^2+a^2}\ge\frac{b^2}{a^2}\); \(\frac{c^2+16ab}{a^2+b^2}\ge\frac{16ab}{a^2+b^2}\)
Cần chứng minh : \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+\frac{16ab}{a^2+b^2}\ge10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+2\right)+\frac{16}{\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}}\ge12\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)^2+\frac{16}{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}}\ge12\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}=t\)( t \(\ge\)2 )
BĐT trở thành : \(t^2+\frac{16}{t}\ge12\Leftrightarrow t^2+\frac{8}{t}+\frac{8}{t}\ge12\)
Ta có : \(t^2+\frac{8}{t}+\frac{8}{t}\ge3\sqrt[3]{t^2.\frac{8}{t}.\frac{8}{t}}=12\)
+) TH \(\frac{a^2+16bc}{b^2+c^2}< \frac{a^2}{b^2}\Leftrightarrow b^2\left(a^2+16bc\right)< a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16b^3c< a^2c^2\Leftrightarrow16b^3< a^2c\)
Do \(b\ge c\)nên \(16b^3< a^2c\le a^2b\Rightarrow a^2>16b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+16bc}{b^2+c^2}=16+\frac{\left(a^2-16b^2\right)+16c\left(b-c\right)}{b^2+c^2}>16\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+16bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2+16ac}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{c^2+16ab}{a^2+b^2}>\frac{a^2+16bc}{b^2+c^2}>16>10\)
Bài toán được chứng minh . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b , c = 0 và các hoán vị
P/s : bài này ở trong sách gì mà mk quên rồi
Mình thấy trong sách "Bất đẳng thức cực trị 8 9" của Võ Quốc Bá Cẩn đấy
Áp dụng BĐT Bu-nhi-a-cốp-ski,ta có :
\(\left(a^2+2\right)\left[1+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}\right]\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+2}\le\frac{1+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b^2+2}\le\frac{1+\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{2}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\) ; \(\frac{1}{c^2+2}\le\frac{1+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Cộng vế theo vế,ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2}+\frac{1}{b^2+2}+\frac{1}{c^2+2}\le\frac{3+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(a+c\right)^2}{2}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{3+a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Đặt \(P=\frac{1}{a^2+2}+\frac{1}{b^2+2}+\frac{1}{c^2+2}\)
Thực hiện phép biến đổi theo biểu thức P ta được
\(Q=3-2P=\frac{a^2}{a^2+2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+2}\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(Q\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+6}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le1\). Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Ta có : \(\frac{a^2-bc}{a}+\frac{b^2-ac}{b}+\frac{c^2-ab}{c}=0\)
=> \(a-\frac{bc}{a}+b-\frac{ac}{b}+c-\frac{ab}{c}=0\)
=> \(a+b+c=\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\)
=> \(a+b+c=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}+\frac{1}{ab}=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
=> \(\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}+\frac{2}{ab}=\frac{2}{a^2}+\frac{2}{b^2}+\frac{2}{c^2}\)
=> \(\frac{2}{a^2}+\frac{2}{b^2}+\frac{2}{c^2}-\frac{2}{bc}-\frac{2}{ac}-\frac{2}{ac}=0\)
=> \(\left(\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a^2}-\frac{2}{ac}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b^2}-\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)=0\)
=> \(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=0\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}=0\\\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{c}=0\\\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}\\\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{c}\\\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow a=b=c\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)