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Câu a đề hơi sai nha bạn, nên mình chỉ giải câu b thoi
Áp dụng AM-GM cho các bộ 3 số dương (x,y,z) và (1/x,1/y,1/z):
\(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6\sqrt[3]{xyz}+\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\ge2\sqrt{6\sqrt[3]{xyz}.\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}}=6\sqrt{2}\)(BĐT Cô-si)
Dấu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)( thỏa x,y,z thuộc (0;1))
\(\frac{1}{x+1}=\left(1-\frac{1}{y+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{z+1}\right)=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\) (1)
Tương tự :
\(\frac{1}{y+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\) (2)
\(\frac{1}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\) (3)
từ (1) (2) và (3) => \(\frac{1}{x+1}\cdot\frac{1}{y+1}\cdot\frac{1}{z+1}\ge8\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2z^2}{\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)\right]^2}}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\ge8\cdot\frac{xyz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\)
=> \(1\ge8xyz\)
=> \(xyz\le\frac{1}{8}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1/2
Nhân cả 2 vế với xyz bất đẳng thức sẽ thành yz+ xz+xy+yz\(\sqrt{1+x^2}\)+xz\(\sqrt{1+y^2}+xy\sqrt{1+z^2}\le x^2y^2z^2\)
Ta có yz\(\sqrt{1+x^2}=\sqrt{yz}.\sqrt{yz+x^2yz}=\sqrt{yz}.\sqrt{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}=\)\(\sqrt{yz}.\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)\(\le\)\(yz+\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{4}\)(2ab\(\le a^2+b^2\))
làm tương tự ta được xz\(\sqrt{1+x^2}\le xz+\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}{4};xy\sqrt{1+z^2}\le xy+\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{4}.\)
vế trái \(\le\) 2(xy+yz+zx) + \(\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}{4}\)\(\le2.\frac{1}{3}.\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+y+z+z+x\right)^2}{4}=\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2y^2z^2.\)
[ (a-b)2 +(b-c)2 +(c-a)2 \(\ge0\)<=>\(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\) áp dụng vào trên)
dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=y=z \(\sqrt{3}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}=2\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x+1}=\left(1-\frac{1}{y+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có : \(\frac{1}{y+1}=\frac{z}{z+1}+\frac{x}{x+1}\) ; \(\frac{1}{z+1}=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{x}{x+1}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi: \(\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{y+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\) ; \(\frac{1}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\left(3\right)\)
Nhân (1) , (2) , (3) theo vế được :\(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\ge8\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}}.\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}.\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\ge\frac{8xyz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow8xyz\le1\Leftrightarrow xyz\le\frac{1}{8}\)(đpcm)
\(\frac{1}{x+1}=1-\frac{1}{y+1}+1-\frac{1}{z+1}=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\)
Tương tụ co:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{y+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(z+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}}\\\frac{1}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\ge\frac{8xyz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\le\frac{1}{8}\)
\(x,y,z\ge1\)nên ta có bổ đề: \(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}\ge\frac{2}{ab+1}\)
ÁP dụng: \(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}+\frac{1}{1+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\ge\frac{2}{1+\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{2}{1+\sqrt{\sqrt[3]{xyz^4}}}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{1+\sqrt[4]{\sqrt[3]{x^4y^4z^4}}}=\frac{4}{1+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{3}{1+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(x=y=z\)hoặc x=y,xz=1 và các hoán vị
trc giờ mấy bài này tui toàn quy đồng thôi, may có cách này =))
Từ (gt) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+x}=\left(1-\frac{1}{1+y}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+z}\right)=\frac{y}{1+y}+\frac{z}{1+z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{1+y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\\\frac{1}{1+z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge8\sqrt{\frac{\left(xyz\right)^2}{\left[\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)\right]^2}}=\frac{8xyz}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow xyz\le\frac{1}{8}\)