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\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(a.......\dfrac{2a}{3}\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(b.......\dfrac{3b}{4}\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2a}{3}+\dfrac{3b}{4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.2\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8.4}{8.4+5.4}\cdot100\%=60.8\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100-60.8=39.2\%\)
Gọi số mol Al, Na trong a gam hỗn hợp là x, y (mol)
=> 27x + 23y = a (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
x---------------->0,5x
4Na + O2 --to--> 2Na2O
y---------------->0,5y
=> 102.0,5x + 62.0,5y = 1,64.a
=> 51x + 31y = 1,64a (2)
(1)(2) => 51x + 31y = 1,64(27x + 23y)
=> 6,72x = 6,72y
=> x = y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27x}{27x+23y}.100\%=54\%\\\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23y}{27x+23y}.100\%=46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, PT: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m oxit = mKL + mO2 = 15,6 + 0,2.32 = 22 (g)
c, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) (trong 15,6 g)
⇒ 24x + 27y = 15,6 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{3}{4}y=0,2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1,4\\y=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đến đây thì ra số mol âm, bạn xem lại đề nhé.
TN1: Gọi (nCu, nAl, nFe) = (a,b,c)
=> 64a + 27b + 56c = 14,3 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b----------------------->1,5b
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
c----------------------->c
=> 1,5b + c = 0,3 (2)
TN2: Gọi (nCu, nAl, nFe) = (ak,bk,ck)
=> ak + bk + ck = 0,6 (3)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
ak--->0,5ak
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
bk--->0,75bk
3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
ck-->\(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\)
=> 0,5ak + 0,75bk + \(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\) = 0,4 (4)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,15\left(mol\right)\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,05.64}{14,3}.100\%=22,38\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{14,3}.100\%=18,88\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,3}.100\%=58,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
P2:
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,15<-------------------0,15
=> nMg = 0,15 (mol)
P1:
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=8\left(g\right)\) => \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8}{32}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
0,15-->0,075
2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,35<-0,175
=> m = (0,15.24 + 0,35.64).2 = 52 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2.0,15.24}{52}.100\%=13,85\%\%\\\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{2.0,35.64}{52}.100\%=86,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn e :
nO2 = 2 .nH2 = 2 . 2,24 /22,4 = 0,2 (mol)
=> khối lượng oxit = 14,51+ 0,2 . 32 = 20,91 (g)
PT: \(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
\(Ba+2H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
\(4K+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2K_2O\)
\(2Ba+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2BaO\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_K=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_K+n_{Ba}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\left(mol\right)\)
Mà: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}x+y=0,1\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,05\left(1\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_K+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ba}=\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL: \(a=m_{oxit}=m_X+m_{O_2}=14,51+0,05.32=16,11\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, PT: \(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=z\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 64x + 56y + 27z = 40,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}y\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}z\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 80x + 232.1/3x + 102.1/2z = 59,6 (2)
- Chất rắn A gồm: Cu, Fe và Al3O3.
⇒ 64x + 56y + 102.1/2z = 50 (3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,3\left(mol\right)\\z=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ mCu = 0,2.64 = 12,8 (g)
mFe = 0,3.56 = 16,8 (g)
mAl = 0,4.27 = 10,8 (g)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}+\dfrac{4}{3}n_{Fe}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,953m}{22,4}=0,042545m\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=z\left(mol\right)\left(x,y,z>0\right)\\\Rightarrow \left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y+64z=m\\40x+51y+80z=1,72m\\x+1,5y=0,042545m\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,012845m\\y\approx0,0198m\\z\approx0,002455m\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}\approx\dfrac{0,002455.64m}{m}.100\%\approx15,712\%\\ \%m_{Al}\approx\dfrac{27.0,0198m}{m}.100\%\approx53,46\%\\ \%m_{Mg}\approx\dfrac{0,012845.24m}{m}.100\%\approx30,828\%\)