Write 1 word in each gap

Written communication

Not long ago, written communication was slow. In the past,you....... communicate..... with someone ...... letter. They would receive the letter have ..... very annoying! For example, you could not send a letter inviting someone..... your party unless you sent it at least a week before.

Today, though, with email and text messages, we can send a written message ... someone instantly - and we do not ..... to go to the post office or pay for a stamp! It is easier than ever to stay in touch ...... friends and relations wherever they are in the world. Now , you ..... decide to have a party in the morning, your friends will be there in the evening. That is great, is not it?

Communication can be in the form of words, pictures, or actions. Words are the most commonly used: we speak or write to communicate ideas. It is, (1)__________, essential for people to use words effectively.

Pictures are useful, also. Businesses use them successfully in posters, charts, and blueprints. Companies should be careful that the pictures (2)____________on posters and charts, as well as in brochures and advertisements, and the words compliment, rather than conflict, (3)___________each other.

Action is an important communication medium: actions speak (4)________than words. This medium is the most important when dealing face-to-face with employees, colleagues, and clients. A frown, a handshake, a wink, and even silence have meaning; people will attach significance (5)___________these actions.

1. A. therefore B. because C. although D. despite

2. A. use B. using C. used D. useful

3. A. for B. with C. in D. of

4. A. noisier B. louder C. alouder D. loudlier

5. A. to B. by C. for D. with

Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer

The first system of communication of animals is natural. Many kinds of animals have ways of communicating with each other. And one of the most interesting examples is that of bees. These insects communicate with each other by dancing. The most important kind of dance that they do is concerned with food. They get their food from flowers, of course, from plants and trees. When a bee has found some food, it returns to the other bees and can give them three basic kinds of information about the food: which direction it is in, whether it is nearby or a long way away, and whether it is good to eat or poisonous.

The other kind of system of communication of animals is artificial. It means animals learn it; in this case, they learn from man. Several famous experiments have been carried out with chimpanzees, trying to teach them human language.

One of these experiments was done with a chimpanzee called Sarah. Sarah was taught to understand a system of symbols which represented words. The symbols were cut out of coloured plastic, and each different shape stood for a different word. For example, a red square stood for “banana”, Sarah’s favorite fruit. Soon Sarah could not only understand words, but even sentences. She could obey orders: if her human friends put down the symbols for “apple in cup”, she would put the apple in the cup. Later, she began giving the scientists orders – she was writing her own sentences, and she got upset if the scientists did not obey her. We do not yet know whether chimpanzees will ever learn to use language to communicate as freely as human beings do, but the results so far suggest that this is at least a possibility.

41) According to the passage, bees ____________________________________.

A. learn to communicate B. are born to be able to communicate

C. are the most interesting animals D. communicate with each other by flying

42) From the passage, we can conclude that bees are _____________________.

A. so selfish as to let other bees share the bad food

B. so selfish as to look for food for themselves

C. so hardworking that they dance all the time

D. so smart that they know where the food is

43) The experiment done with Sarah is an example of ____________________.

A. animals with natural system of communication

B. animals able to communicate with humans

C. animals possible to use language as humans

D. animals with a system of communication worked out by humans

44) The results of the experiment with chimpanzees show the possibility to teach animals _____.

A. how to use language freely

B. how to give orders

C. how to obey orders

D. how to understand words and sentences

45) The phrase “concerned with” is closest in meaning to ________________.

A. interested in B. responsible for C. related to D. joined to

Read the following passage and choose A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   If we believe that clothing has to do with covering the body, and costume with the choice of a particular form of garment for a particular use, then we can say that clothing depend primarily on such physical conditions as climate, health, and textile manufacture, whereas costume reflect social factors such as religious beliefs, aesthetics, personal status, and the wish to be distinguished from or to emulate our fellows.

   The ancient Greeks and the Chinese believed that we first covered our bodies for some physical reason such as protecting ourselves from the weather elements. Ethnologists and psychologists have invoked psychological reasons: modesty in the case of ancients, and taboo, magical influence and the desire to please for the moderns.

   In early history, costume must have fulfilled a function beyond that of simple utility, perhaps through some magical significance, investing primitive man with the attributes of other creatures. Ornaments identified the wearer with animals, gods, heroes or other men. This identification remains symbolic in more sophisticated societies. We should bear in mind that the theater has its distant origins in sacred performances, and in all period children at play have worn disguises, so as to adapt gradually to adult life.

   Costume helped inspire fear or impose authority. For a chieftain, costume embodied attributes expressing his power, while a warrior’s costume enhanced his physical superiority and suggested he was superhuman. In more recent times, professional or administrative costume has been devised to distinguish the wearer and express personal or delegated authority; this purpose is seen clearly in the judge’s robes and the police officer’s uniform. Costume denotes power, and since power is usually equated with wealth, costume came to be an expression of social caste and material prosperity. Military uniform denotes rank and is intended to intimidate, to protect the body and to express membership in a group. At the bottom of the scale, there are such compulsory costumes as the convict’s uniform. Finally, costume can possess a religious significance that combines various elements: an actual or symbolic identification with a god, the desire to express this in earthly life, and the desire to enhance the wearer’s position of respect.

Question: Which of the following would most likely NOT be reflected in a person’s costume, as it is defined in the passage?

A. Having a heart condition

B. Playing in a baseball game

C. Working in a hospital

D. Participating in a religious ceremony

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Music therapy is using music to help people with a variety of problems. For example, it can help people with communication and speech problems speak better. It can help people with memory problems remember things from their past. Music therapy can also help people manage stress and be more relaxed. It can even make people with bad pain feel better.

   In music therapy, a music therapist works with one person alone or with small groups. The therapist meets with the person and does tests to find out what the problem is and what the person can do with music. Then the therapist decides what kind of music therapy to use. Some people sing, and others might compose music, but a person doesn't need to know about music to be helped by music therapy. There are options such as listening to music and dancing to music. Research shows that these activities are good for the body and for the mind.

   Homes that take care of elderly people often have music therapy programs. The programs help the elderly be more energetic and also help with memory problems. Some hospitals have music therapy for patients who are in a lot of pain. Music can affect a part of the brain that reduces pain.

   Trevor Gibbons is one example of a person who was helped by music therapy. In 2000, he was putting in windows on the fourth floor of a building when he fell. He was in the hospital for over a year. He was in a lot of pain, and he couldn’t talk. He went from the hospital to a rehabilitation center that has a music therapy program, and a music therapist worked with him for several years. He could sing more easily than he could talk. Trevor says that music also helped him manage loneliness, sadness, and pain after he was hurt. Music and the music therapist inspired him, and he has written and sung many songs. He has even recorded CDs and performed at Lincoln Center in New York.

Question 9: It is stated in the passage that _______.

A. homes for the aged don’t have music therapy programs

B. in music therapy some people sing or even compose music

C. Trevor Gibbons hurt himself when he fell off the fifth floor

D. listening and dancing to music are not included in music therapy

XI . Fill in each blank space in the following passage with only one suitable word .

There are many way (1 ) animals Hausa Heine learning English words . Some people like learning by making a list with Vietname meaning while orther(2) by reading stories . This is a good way because it is easy to renenber ( 3 ) . . . . . . . . to use words in the right ways . Besides , to remember words better some learners even write each word ( 4 ) a piece of paper and stick somewhere in their house to learn it anytime . To many others , they do not study all words ( 5 ) . . . . . . . . . they meet . They just underline the words that they want to lear . This helps the learners to remember important Words casily .

Use the correct form of the words in parentheses:

1/ Since her ___________, the room has been full of laughter. ( preserve)

2/ We should end a letter ___________ with the words “Sincerely yours”. ( polite)

3/ Machines have __________ people in many areas of industry. ( replacement)

4/ Wearing ________ clothes is not as important as wearing suitable clothes. (fashion)

5/ There mistake was due to youth and _________ . ( experience)

6/ Most people believe that ghosts are ______ . There are no ghosts in the world. ( exist)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.

   The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.

   On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones. Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree.

   What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.

   As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often.

Question: The phrase “negative publicity” in paragraph 2 most likely means _______.

A. poor ideas about the effects of cellphones

B. information on the lethal effects of cellphones

C. the negative public use of cellphones

D. widespread opinion about bad effect of cellphones

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.

   The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.

   On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones. Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree.

   What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.

   As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often.

Question: According to the passage, cellphones are very popular with young people because _______.

A. they make them look more stylish

B. they are worrying

C. they are a means of communication

D. they are considered unusual