There is much more water than land...the surface of the earth. The sea and oceans... nearly four-fifths of the whole world,and only one-fifth of ...land. If you traveled over the earth...different directons, you would have to spend much more of your time ... on water than on roads or railways. We sometimes forget that ...every mile of land there is four miles of water. There is much water on the surface of our earth that we... to use two words to describe. We use the word seas to...those parts of water surface which... only a few hundreds of miles wide, the word oceans to describe the huge areas of water which are thousands of miles wide... very deep.

read the passage below anh fill in each blank with one suitable word.

In the (1)........ of the 1970s, the United States organizated several important conferences (2).......... the human evironment to study a very serious problem. We, human are destroying the (3)........... around us. We are using up all our (4)............. resources. We must learnt to consever (5)............. of life will be very bad (6)........... our children and our grandchildren.

Scientists say there is enough water in the world for everyone. (7)........ , some countries have a lot of water and some have only a little. Some areas get all their rain during one season. The rest of the year is (8)......... There are huge forests in the Amazon area in Brazil. In other (9)........ of the world, there is only (10)..........

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Water is our life soucre. It makes up seventy percent of our bodies, and the average person actually...(1)...eighteen months ih the bath or shower.

However, it is till now that we are learning how to...(2)...water. Acid rain has polluted as many as 18000 lakes and our seas and rivers are polluted..(3)...waste products. It is now very ecpensive to repair the damage...(4)...has been caused. However, we have some hope for the future. New sources of water have been discovered in parts of the world...(5)...we have learnt something from our mistakes, we will have to try to keep our new sources clean

1. A. takes B. gets C. has D. spends

2. A. look after B. look over C. turn over D. turn up

3. A. in B. with C. from D. under

4. A. this B. whose C. that D. where

5. A. although B. moreover C. if D. unless

Plans grow(46) almost every part of the world. We see(47) plants as flowers, glass, and tree nearly every day. Plants grow high on moutaintops, far in the oceans, and in many deserts and(48) regions

Without plants, there could be not life on earth. Man could not live without air of food and so he could not live without plants. The oxygen in the air we breathe comes from plants. The food we eat also comes from plants or from animals that eat plants. We build houses and make many(49) products from lumber cut from trees. (50) of our clothing is made from the fitbers of the cotton plants.

Scientists belive there are more than 350,000 species of plants, but no one knowns for(51). Some of the smallest plants, called diatoms, can be seen only with a(52). A drop of the water may hould as many as 500 diatoms. The largest living things are the giant sequoia trees of California. Some of them stand more than 290 feet high and measure over 30 feet wide

Scientist(53) all living things into two main groups - plants and animals. It is usually easy to tell the two(54). Almost all kinds of plants stay in one place, but nearly all species of animals move about under their own power. Most plants make their own food from air, sunglight, and water. Animals cannot make their own food. The basic units of all life, called cells, are also different in plants and animals. Most plants have thick wall that(55) a material called cellulost. Animal cells dl not have this material.

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Read the below passage on Mars and use the information to write a composition about the possibility of life on the planet .

There has long been speculation concerning about the possibility of life and liquid water on Mars . However , the planet's thin atmosphere prevents water from accumulating for any time over significant portions of the planet . Some evidences of the planet's surface suggest the presence of liquid water at some point in history , but scientists think this water would be too salty or acidic to support life as we know it . Futhermore , fierce solar winds and poor heat transfer across its surface would make sustained life virtually impossible . There is compelling evidence , however , that Mars was once much more habitable to life than it is today .

Start with :

I think that there is no life on Mars . Firstly .......

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Complete the passage with the words provided in the box:

comple polluted land are water

rivers people garbage sea from

Our oceans are becoming extremely (1)_____. Most of this pollution comes from the land, which means it comes from (2) _______. Firstly, there is raw sewerage, which is pumped directly into the sea. Many (3) ______ both, developing, are guilty of doing this.

Secondly, ships drop about 6 million tons of (4) _____ in to the sea each year. Thirdly, there are oil spills from ships. A ship has an accident and oil leaks (5) _____ the vessel. This not only pollutes the (6) _____, but it also kills marine life. Next ,there (7) _____ waste materials from factories. Without proper regulations, factory owners let the waster run directly in to the (8) ____ which then leads to the (9)_______ and finally, oil is washed from (10)_____. This can be the result of carelessness or a deliberate dumping of waste

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Earth is richly supplied with different types of living organisms which co-exist in their environments, forming complex, interrelated communities. Living organisms depend on one another for nutrients, shelter, and other benefits. The extinction of one species can set off a chain reaction that affects many other species, particularly if the loss occurs near the bottom of the food chain. For example, the extinction of a particular insect or plant might seem inconsequential. However, there may be fish or small animals that depend on that resource for foodstuffs. The loss can threaten the survival of these creatures and larger predators that prey upon them. Extinction can have a ripple effect that spreads throughout nature.

In addition to its biological consequences, extinction poses a moral dilemma for humans, the only species capable of saving the others. The presence of humans on the planet has affected all other life forms, particularly plants and animals. Human lifestyles have proven to be incompatible with the survival of some other species. Purposeful efforts have been made to eliminate animals that prey on people, livestock, crops, or pose any threat to human livelihoods. Some wild animals have been decimated by human desire for meat, hides, fur, or other body parts with commercial value. Likewise, demand for land, water, and other natural resources has left many wild plants and animals with little to no suitable habitat. Humans have also affected nature by introducing non-native species to local areas and producing pollutants having a negative impact on the environment. The combination of these human-related effects and natural obstacles such as disease or low birthrates has proven to be too much for some species to overcome. They have no chance of survival without human help.

As a result, societies have difficult choices to make about the amount of effort and money they are willing to spend to save imperiled species. Will people accept limits on their property rights, recreational activities, and means of livelihood to save a plant or an animal? Should saving such popular species as whales and dolphins take priority over saving obscure, annoying, or fearful species? Is it the responsibility of humans to save every kind of life form from disappearing, or is extinction an inevitable part of nature, in which the strong survive and the weak perish? These are some difficult questions that people face as they ponder the fate of other species living on this planet.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Humans and endangered species

B. The importance of living organisms

C. Measures to protect endangered species

D. Causes of animal extinction

Almost all our energy comes from oil, coal and natural gas. We call them fossil fuels. The earth’s
fossil fuels are running out. What would happen if there were no oil, coal and gas on earth?
Scientists are trying to find and use other alternative sources of energy. We can use energy
from the sun, the wind and the water.
Solar energy is unlimited. It supplies all the energy used to grow plants, to evaporate water for
rain, and to maintain the temperature of the planet. All are necessary for human life. If we’re able to
collect solar energy, we’ll be sure to make good use of this abundant source of power.
Another source of energy from nature is the wind. Wind power is clean and plentiful. Energy
from the wind has been used for centuries to move ships, grind grain, pump water and do other kinds
of work. In more recent time, wind power has been used to generate electricity.
Water can also provide power. For a long time, people have used water to power machines.
Some early uses of water power were to mill grain, saw wood and power machinery for the textile
industry. Today water power is mostly used to generate electricity.
11. We are asking the question “What would happen if there were no oil, coal and gas on earth?” because ___.
A. we are now depending so much on fossil fuels.
B. we are looking forward to seeing great changes.
C. we are looking for other alternative sources of energy.
D. other sources of energy can come from the sun, the wind and the water.
12. Which of the following can NOT be used as alternative sources of energy?
A. coal/gas B. the sun/the water
C. the sun/the wind D. solar energy/nuclear power
13. Centuries ago, people used wind power to ___.
A. maintain the earth’s temperature B. get water from underground
C. grow plants D. generate electricity
14. Up till now, water energy has been used for ___.
A. similar purposes C. the textile industry
B. moving ships D. different purposes

4
15. The word “plentiful” in line 8 mostly means ___.
A. fresh B. natural C. available D. limited

Use the words given to fill in the blanks. There is one extra word that you do not need to use.

down – air – quickly – about – save - dirty – important – pollute – grow

We all are destroying the Earth. The seas and rivers are too (1).......................... to swim in. There is so much smoke in the (2) ................................ that it is unhealthy to live in many of the world's cities. In one well-known city, for example, poisonous gases from car (3) ............................. the air so much that policemen have to wear oxygen masks. We have cut (4)......................... so many trees that there are now vast areas of wasteland all over the world. As a result, farmers in parts of Africa cannot (5) ......................... enough to eat. In certain countries in Asia there is so little rice. Moreover, we do not take enough care of the countryside. Wild animals are (6) ............................. disappearing. For instance, tigers are rare in India now. Because we have killed too many for them to survive. However, it is not so simple to talk (7) .............................. the problem. We must act now before it is too late to do anything about it. Join us now. (8) ..................the Earth.