Bài 1:

\(2x^4+ax^2+bx+c⋮x-2\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^4+ax^2+bx+c=\left(x-2\right)\cdot a\left(x\right)\)

Thay \(x=2\Leftrightarrow32+4a+2b+c=0\Leftrightarrow4a+2b+c=-32\left(1\right)\)

\(2x^4+ax^2+bx+c:\left(x^2-1\right)R2x\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^4+ax^2+bx+c=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\cdot b\left(x\right)+2x\)

Thay \(x=1\Leftrightarrow2+a+b+c=2\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\left(2\right)\)

Thay \(x=-1\Leftrightarrow2+a-b+c=-2\Leftrightarrow a-b+c=-4\left(3\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+c=-32\\a+b+c=0\\a-b+c=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\dfrac{34}{3}\\b=2\\c=\dfrac{28}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 2:

Do \(f\left(x\right):x^2+x-12\) được thương bậc 2 nên dư bậc 1

Gọi đa thức dư là \(ax+b\)

Vì \(f\left(x\right):x^2+x-12\) được thương là \(x^2+3\) và còn dư nên

\(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2+x-12\right)\left(x^2+3\right)+ax+b\\ \Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=\left(x+4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3\right)+ax+b\)

Thay \(x=3\Leftrightarrow f\left(3\right)=3a+b\)

Mà \(f\left(x\right):\left(x-3\right)R2\Leftrightarrow f\left(3\right)=2\Leftrightarrow3a+b=2\left(1\right)\)

Thay \(x=-4\Leftrightarrow f\left(-4\right)=-4a+b\)

Mà \(f\left(x\right):\left(x+4\right)R9\Leftrightarrow f\left(-4\right)=9\Leftrightarrow-4a+b=-9\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=2\\-4a+b=9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\\b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Do đó \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2+x-12\right)\left(x^2+3\right)-x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=x^4+3x^2+x^3+3x-12x^2-36-x+5\\ \Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=x^4+x^3-9x^2+2x-31\)

\(f\left(x\right)=ax^3+bx^2+c\)

f(x) chia hết cho x - 2 \(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=\left(x-2\right).g\left(x\right)\Rightarrow f\left(2\right)=a.2^3+b.2^2+c=\left(2-2\right).g\left(2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow8a+4b+c=0\text{ (1)}\)

f(x) chia x² - 1 dư x + 5 \(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2-1\right).h\left(x\right)+x+5\)

\(f\left(1\right)=a+b+c=\left(1^2-1\right).h\left(1\right)+1+5=6\text{ }\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=6\text{ (2)}\)

\(f\left(-1\right)=-a+b+c=\left[\left(-1\right)^2-1\right].h\left(-1\right)-1+5=4\)

\(\Rightarrow-a+b+c=4\text{ (3)}\)

Từ (1) (2) (3) suy ra \(a=1;b=-\frac{13}{3};c=\frac{28}{3}\)

Vậy \(f\left(x\right)=x^3-\frac{13}{3}x^2+\frac{28}{3}\)

tại sao b= -13/3 và c = 28/3 . bạn làm kiểu j chỉ cho mink với

Giải:

Từ giả thiết ta có:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(x\right)=\left(x+2\right)q_1\left(x\right)\\\\f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2-1\right)q_2\left(x\right)+x\end{cases}}\)

Suy ra \(\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(-2\right)=0\\f\left(1\right)=1\\f\left(-1\right)=-1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}32+4a-2b+c=0\\2+a+b+c=1\\2+a-b+c=-1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-\frac{28}{3}\\b=1\\c=\frac{22}{3}\end{cases}}}\)

Đặt f(x) = 2x4+ax2+bx+c

Áp dụng định lí Be - du ta có: r = f(x)

=> {r=f(2)r=f(1)r=f(−1)

Thay x = 2; 1; -1 lần lượt vào f(x) ta được:

{f(2)=32+4a+2b+cf(1)=2+a+b+cf(−1)=2+a−b+c

Mà {f(x)⋮(x−2)f(x)chia(x2−1)dư2x => {32+4a+2b+c=02+a+b+c=22+a−b+c=−2

=> {4a+2b+c=−32(1)a+b+c=0(2)a−b+c=−4(3)

Trừ (2) cho (3) ta được: 2b=4 => b = 2

=> {4a+c=−36(4)a+c=−2(5)

Trừ (4) cho (5) ta được: 3a=−34 => a = −343 => c = 283

Vậy a = −343 ; b = 2 ; c = 283

P/s: Hi vọng bn hiểu!

Bạn xem ở http://diendan.hocmai.vn/showthread.php?t=347821

=> \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x+2\right)a\left(x\right)\)và \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2-1\right)b\left(x\right)+\left(x+5\right)\)

=> \(f\left(-2\right)=0\)

     \(f\left(1\right)=1+5=6\)

     \(f\left(-1\right)=-1+5=4\)

=> \(f\left(2\right)=8a-2b+c=0\)

     \(f\left(1\right)=a+b+c=6\)

     \(f\left(-1\right)=-a-b+c=4\)

Đến đây rồi bạn tự làm nhé

\(f\left(x\right)=2x^4+ax^2+bx+c\)

\(=2x^4-4x^3+4x^3-8x^2+\left(a+8\right)x^2-x\left(2a+16\right)+\left(2a+16+b\right)x-2\left(2a+16+b\right)+4a+32+2b+c\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(2x^3+4x^2+x\left(a+8\right)+2a+16+b\right)+4a+2b+32+c\)

=>\(\dfrac{f\left(x\right)}{x-2}=2x^3+4x^2+x\left(a+8\right)+2a+16+b+\dfrac{4a+2b+32+c}{x-2}\)

f(x) chia hết cho x-2 nên \(4a+2b+32+c=0\)(1)

\(f\left(x\right)=2x^4+ax^2+bx+c\)

\(=2x^4-4x^3+6x^2+4x^3-16x^2+12x+\left(a+10\right)x^2-4x\left(a+10\right)+3a+30+x\left(4a+28+b\right)+c-3a-30\)

\(=\left(x^2-4x+3\right)\left(2x^2+4x+a+10\right)\)+x(4a+28+b)+c-3a-30

f(x) chia cho x²-4x+3 dư -x+2 nên ta có: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+28+b=-1\\c-3a-30=2\end{matrix}\right.\)(2)

Từ (1),(2) ta có hệ phương trình:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+32+c=0\\4a+b+28=-1\\c-3a=32\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+c=-32\\4a+b=-29\\-3a+c=32\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c=-3\\-3a+c=32\\4a+b=-29\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+3a=-35\\4a+b=-29\\b+c=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-a=-6\\4a+b=-29\\b+c=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=6\\b=-29-4a=-29-4\cdot6=-53\\c=-3-b=-3-\left(-53\right)=50\end{matrix}\right.\)

F(-2)=0=> -8a+4b+c=0 (1)

f(1)=6=> a+b+c=6 (2)

f(-1)=4=> -a+b+c=4 (3)

(2) trừ (3)=> 2a=2=> a=1; thay vào (3)=> c=5-b thay vào (1)

-8+4b+5-b=0=> b=1

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\\b=1\\c=4\\f\left(x\right)=-x^3+x^2+4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vì \(f\left(x\right)⋮x-2;f\left(x\right):x^2-1\) dư 1\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(x\right)=g\left(x\right)\cdot\left(x-2\right)\\f\left(x\right)=q\left(x\right)\left(x^2-1\right)+x=q\left(x\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+x\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(2\right)=0\\f\left(1\right)=1\\f\left(-1\right)=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}32+4a+2b+c=0\\2+a+b+c=1\\2+a-b+c=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+c=-32\left(1\right)\\a+b+c=-1\left(2\right)\\a-b+c=-3\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

 Trừ từng vế của (2) cho (3) ta được:

\(\Rightarrow2b=2\Rightarrow b=1\)

Thay b=1 vào lần lượt (1) ,(2),(3) ta được:

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2+c=-32\\a+1+c=-1\\a-1+c=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+c=-34\\a+c=-2\\a+c=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+c=-34\left(4\right)\\a+c=-2\left(5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trừ từng vế của (4) cho (5) ta được:

\(\Rightarrow3a=-32\Rightarrow a=-\dfrac{32}{3}\Rightarrow c=-2+\dfrac{32}{3}=\dfrac{26}{3}\) Vậy...