Theo bđt Cauchy schwarz dạng Engel 

\(P\ge\frac{\left(2x+2y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{1+1}=\frac{\left[2\left(x+y\right)+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right]^2}{2}\)

Ta có \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)(bđt phụ) 

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{\left[2.1+4\right]^2}{2}=\frac{36}{2}=18\)

Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(P=\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(2y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2x+2y+\dfrac{4}{x+y}\right)^2=18\)

\(P_{min}=18\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

1)  \(3\left(x^2+\frac{2}{3}x+\frac{1}{9}\right)+1=3\left(x+\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+1\ge1\Rightarrow Min=1\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{3}\)

2) \(2\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-3\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=4\left(x^2-2xy+y^2+3xy\right)-3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2+4xy\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(12xy-12xy\right)=0\)

3) đặt \(2x-1=t\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{t+1}{2}^2\Leftrightarrow\left(t+2\right)^3-4\frac{t+1}{2}^2\left(t-2\right)-5=0\Leftrightarrow\left(t+2\right)^3-\left(t+1\right)^2\left(t-2\right)-5=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow t^3+6t^2+12t+8-t^3-2t^2+t+2t^2+4t+2=0\Leftrightarrow6t^2+16t+10=0\Leftrightarrow\left(t+1\right)\left(6t+10\right)=0\)

=> t=-1 hoặc t=-10/6 \(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=-1\Leftrightarrow x=0\) hoặc \(2x-1=-\frac{10}{6}\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{3}\)

\(x\ge0\)

\(\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(|x+2|-1\right)\left(x^2-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-4=0\Rightarrow x=16\left(tm\right)\\|x+2|-1=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=1\Rightarrow x=-1\\x+2=-1\Rightarrow x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\x^2-3=0\Rightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đẳng thức: \(5x^2+5y^2+8xy-2x+2y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\x-1=0\\y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay vào \(M=\left(x+y\right)^{2007}+\left(x-2\right)^{2008}+\left(y+1\right)^{2009}\) ta được:

\(M=\left(1-1\right)^{2007}+\left(1-2\right)^{2008}+\left(-1+1\right)^{2009}=\left(-1\right)^{2008}=1\)

Ta có:

\(5x^2+5y^2+8xy-2x+2y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x^2+y^2+4y^2+8xy-2x+2y+1+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(2x+2y\right)^2=0\)  

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)^2=0\)

Mà: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\\4\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+4\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y+1=0\\x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\\x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Thay giá trị x và y vào M ta có:

\(M=\left(x+y\right)^{2007}+\left(x-2\right)^{2008}+\left(y+1\right)^{2009}\)

\(M=\left(1-1\right)^{2007}+\left(1-2\right)^{2008}+\left(-1+1\right)^{2009}\)

\(M=0^{2007}+\left(-1\right)^{2008}+0^{2009}\)
\(M=\left(-1\right)^{2008}\)

\(M=1\)

5.\(C\text{ó}x^2-12=0\Rightarrow x^2=12\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{12}ho\text{ặc}x=-\sqrt{12}\)

Mà x>0\(\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{12}\)

6.Vì x-y=4\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2=x^2-2xy+y^2=x^2-10+y^2=4^2=16\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=26\)

Có \(\left(x+y\right)^2=x^2+2xy+y^2=26+10=36=6^2=\left(-6\right)^2\)

Vì xy>0 và x>0 =>y>0=>x+y>0=>x+y=6

7. \(3x^2+7=\left(x+2\right)\left(3x+1\right)\)

\(3x^2+7=3x^2+7x+2\)

\(3x^2+7-3x^2-7x-2=0\)

-7x+5=0

-7x=-5

\(x=\frac{5}{7}\)

8.\(\left(2x+1\right)^2-4\left(x+2\right)^2=9\)

\(\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(2x+4\right)^2=9\)

(2x+1-2x-4)(2x+1+2x+4)=9

-3(4x+5)=9

4x+5=-3

4x=-8

x=-2

Còn câu 9 và 10 để mình nghiên cứu đã

biet x+y =2 tinh min 3x^2 + y^2

\(5x^2+5y^2+8xy-2x+2y+2=0\)

=>\(4x^2+8xy+4y^2+x^2-2x+1+y^2+2y+1=0\)

=>\(4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)

=>x=1 và y=-1

\(M=\left(1-1\right)^{2023}+\left(1-2\right)^{2024}+\left(-1+1\right)^{2025}=1\)

E kh hiểu lắm ạ="))