a/ Đảo ngược lại rồi đặc \(\frac{1}{x}=a;\frac{1}{y}=b;\frac{1}{z}=c\)

b/ Dễ thấy vai trò x, y, z như nhau nên ta chỉ cần xét 1 trường hợp tiêu biểu thôi.

Xét \(x>y>z\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}< \frac{1}{y}< \frac{1}{z}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{y}>z+\frac{1}{x}\)(trái giả thuyết)

\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)'

\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+y\right)=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-x\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-1\right)=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\y=-1;y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot y=-1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1;x=\frac{1}{2}\\0=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=2y\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2y-1\right)5y=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=0\Rightarrow x=0\\y=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(y=-2x\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(1-2x\right)5x=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=-1\\x=0\Rightarrow y=0\end{cases}}\)

b) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\frac{21}{8}\\\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\frac{37}{6}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)^2+y^2=\frac{37}{6}y\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)\end{cases}}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\2y^2-\frac{21}{4}y+\frac{441}{64}=-\frac{37}{6}y^2+\frac{259}{16}y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\1568y^2-4116y+1323=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{8}\\y=\frac{9}{4}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{9}{4}\\y=\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}}\)

c) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\\\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(2-\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x-y\right)^2=-4x^2y^2+2xy\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}8x^2y^2-4x^2y-4xy^2+x^2+y^2-2xy+2xy=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x^2y^2-4x^2y+x^2+4x^2y^2-4xy^2+y^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x\right)^2+\left(2xy-y\right)^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=\frac{-1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
d) \(\hept{\begin{cases}xy+x+y=71\\x^2y+xy^2=880\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=S\\xy=P\end{cases}}\), ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=71\\SP=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P\left(71-P\right)=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P^2-71P+880=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=16\\xy=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y\left(16-y\right)=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y^2-16y+55=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=11\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=11\\y=5\end{cases}}\)

\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=55\\xy=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y\left(55-y\right)=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y^2-55y+16=0\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}\)

e) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}=12\\x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=28\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}S=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\P=\sqrt{xy}\end{cases}}\), ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}SP=12\\P\left(S^2-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\P\left(\frac{144}{P^2}-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\2P^4+28P^2-144P=0\end{cases}}\)
Tự làm tiếp nhá! Đuối lắm luôn

Hướng dẫn:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y+z}=\frac{1}{2}\left(1\right)\\\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z+x}=\frac{1}{3}\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x+y}=\frac{1}{4}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)

ĐK: \(x;y;z;x+y;y+z;z+x\ne0\)

TH1: x + y + z = 0

=>  y + z = - x

thế vào (1); \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{-x}=\frac{1}{2}\)vô lí

TH2: x + y + z \(\ne\)0.

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y+z}=\frac{1}{2}\\\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z+x}=\frac{1}{3}\\\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x+y}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x+y+z}{xy+xz}=\frac{1}{2}\\\frac{x+y+z}{yz+xy}=\frac{1}{3}\\\frac{x+y+z}{xz+yz}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)

<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{xy+xz}{x+y+z}=2\\\frac{yz+xy}{x+y+z}=3\\\frac{xz+yz}{x+y+z}=4\end{cases}}\)

Đặt : x + y + z = k

=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}xy+xz=2k\left(4\right)\\yz+xy=3k\left(5\right)\\xz+yz=4k\left(6\right)\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}xy=\frac{1}{2}k\\yz=\frac{5}{2}k\\xz=\frac{3}{2}k\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2xy=k\\\frac{2yz}{5}=k\\\frac{2xz}{3}=k\end{cases}}\)

Trừ vế theo vế:

=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{z}{5}\\\frac{y}{5}=\frac{x}{3}\\\frac{z}{3}=y\end{cases}}\)<=> \(z=3y=5x\)thế vào (1)  rồi tìm x; y ; z.

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{\frac{5x}{3}+5x}=\frac{1}{2}\)

<=> \(\frac{23}{20x}=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{23}{10}\)

khi đó: \(y=\frac{5x}{3}=\frac{23}{6};z=5x=\frac{23}{2}\)thử lại thỏa mãn.

a)  ĐK: x, y, z khác 0

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\left(z+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{51}{4}\\\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2+\left(z+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{867}{16}\end{cases}}\)

\(x+\frac{1}{x}=a;y+\frac{1}{y}=b;z+\frac{1}{z}=c\)

Ta có hệ >:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c=\frac{867}{4}\\a^2+b^2+c^2=\frac{867}{16}\end{cases}}\)

Ta có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{867}{16}\) với mọi a, b,c

"="   xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c

Hay \(x+\frac{1}{x}=y+\frac{1}{y}=z+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{17}{4}\)  giải ra tìm x, y, z

b) Hệ đối xứng:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y\right)+xy=2+3\sqrt{2}\\\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=6\end{cases}}\)

Đặt x+y=S, xy=P

Ta có hệ :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=2+3\sqrt{2}\\S^2-2P=6\end{cases}}\)

=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}P=2+3\sqrt{2}-S\\S^2-2\left(2+3\sqrt{2}-S\right)=6\end{cases}}\)

Tự giải tìm S, P 

=> x,y

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=3\left(1\right)\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{3}\left(2\right)\\x^2+y^2+z^2=17\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\left(DK:x,y,z\ne0\right)\)

Ta co:

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}=3>\frac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}>\frac{1}{3}\)

Vay HPT vo nghiem

pt 1) x=y=z  Cosi 3 số