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Maria Alcala of Madrid says that “a meal without olive oil would be a bore.” No one knows when the Mediterranean initially fell in love with olives. That happened before recorded history. However, there is evidence that the planting of olive trees began in countries around the Mediterranean Sea in approximately 4000 B.C., and 2,000 years after that people in the eastern Mediterranean region began to produce oil from olives. The Mediterranean still accounts for 99 percent of all world olive oil production.

From ancient times until today, the basic process of producing the oil is the same. First, whole olives are crushed. Then, the liquid is separated from the solids. After that, the valuable oil is separated from the water.

Olive oil has had a variety of uses through its long history. In ancient times, olive oil was used as money and as medicine. It was even used during war – heated up and dropped down on enemies. It is still used in religious ceremonies. It is great for protecting the freshness of fish and cheese. There are even olive oil lamps and olive oil soaps.

Olive oil improves the lives of people everywhere. Its benefits, recently confirmed by science, were already understood in ancient times. Mediterranean people are happy to share their secret with the world.

36. What is the purpose of this passage?

A. to compare Mediterranean olive oil with olive oil produced in other places

B. to show why olive oil is produced around the Mediterranean Sea

C. to discuss olive oil production outside the Mediterranean region

D. to explain the history, production, and benefits of olive oil

37. When did the planting of olive trees begin around the Mediterranean Sea?

A. 2,000 years ago   B. 4,000 years ago    C. 6,000 years ago D. No one knows.

38. Which is the first step in olive oil production?

A. separating the liquid from the solids B. crushing the whole olives

C. separating the oil from the water D. drying the olives under the sun

39. Which use of olive oil is NOT mentioned in the article?

A. money B. medicine C. soap D. paint

40. What does the word “variety’’ means?

A. diversity B. little C. shortage D. lack

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