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a, PTHH:
(1) 2Na + 2H2O→ 2NaOH + H2
2mol 2mol 2mol 1mol
(2) Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
1mol 1mol 2mol
b,
-Tính nH2
nH2= \(\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}\)=0.15 → mH2= 0.15*2=0.3(g)
-Theo PT(1) ta có
nNa=nNaOH(1)=2nH2= 2*0.15=0.3(mol)
→mNa= 0.3*23= 6.9(g)
mNaOH(1)= 0.3*40=12(g)
-Tính mNa2O
mNa2O= 13.1-6.9= 6.2(g)
→nNa2O= \(\dfrac{6.2}{62}\)=0.1(mol)
-Theo PT(2) ta có
nNaOH(2)=2Na2O=2*0.1=0.2(mol)
→mNaOH(2)=0.2*23=4.6(g)
-Tính mNaOH
mNaOH= mNaOH(1)+mNaOH(2)=12+4.6=16.6(g)
-Tính C%
C%= \(\dfrac{16.6}{100+13.1-0.3}\)*100%≃ 14.7%
c,
PTHH3:CO2 +2NaOH → Na2CO3 + H2O
1mol 2mol 1mol 1mol
-Theo Đb ta có:
mNaOH(3) = 1/2mNaOH(1)+(2)= \(\dfrac{16.6}{2}\)= 8.3(g)
→nNaOH(3)= \(\dfrac{8.3}{40}\)= 0.2075(mol)
-TheoPT(3) ta có
nNa2CO3=1/2nNaOH(3)= \(\dfrac{0.2075}{2}\)=0.10375(mol)
→mNa2CO3=0.10375*106≃11(g)
-Tính C%
C%=\(\dfrac{11}{11+1.8675}\)*100%≃ 85.4867%
nNa2CO3= 25/106(mol)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2 HCl -> 2 NaCl + CO2 + H2O
a) nHCl=25/106 . 2= 25/53 (mol)
=> m=mddHCl={[25/53].36,5]/15%}=114,78(g)
b) nCO2= 25/106 x 22,4= 5,28(l)
c) mNaCl=25/53. 58,5=27,59(g)
mddNaCl=25+114,78- 25/106.44=129,4(g)
=>C%ddNaCl=(27,59/129,4).100=21,32%
a, \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{200}{18}=\dfrac{100}{9}\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{\dfrac{100}{9}}{2}\), ta được H2O dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 2,3 + 100 - 0,05.2 = 102,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{102,2}.100\%\approx3,91\%\)
c, - Dung dịch làm quỳ tím hóa xanh.
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ 2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ddNaOH}=m_{Na}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=2,3+200-0,05.2=202,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{40.0,1}{202,2}.100\approx1,978\%\\ c,NaOH-Tính.bazo\Rightarrow Quỳ.tím.hoá.xanh\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{47,8}{18}=2,65mol\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
0,1 < 2,65 ( mol )
0,1 0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4g\)
\(m_{ddspứ}=2,3+47,8-0,05.2=50g\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{4}{50}.100=8\%\)
n hh khí = 0.5 mol
nCO: x mol
nCO2: y mol
=> x + y = 0.5
28x + 44y = 17.2 g
=> x = 0.3 mol
y = 0.2 mol
Khối lượng oxi tham gia pứ oxh khử oxit KL: 0.2 * 16 = 3.2g => m KL = 11.6 - 3.2 = 8.4g
TH: KL hóa trị I => nKL = 2*nH2 = 0.3 mol => KL: 28!!
KL hóa trị III => nKL = 2/3 *nH2 = 0.1 mol => KL: 84!!
KL hóa trị II => nKL = nH2 = 0.15 mol => KL: 56 => Fe.
nFe / Oxit = 0.15 mol
nO/Oxit = 0.2 mol
=> nFe/nO = 3/4 => Fe3O4
Fe3O4 + 4CO = 3Fe + 4CO2
Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2
0.15.....0.15.......0.15.....0.15
=> mH2SO4 pứ = 14.7 g => mdd = 147 g
m dd sau khi cho KL vào = m KL + m dd - mH2 thoát ra = 0.15 * 56 + 147 - 0.15*2 = 155.1g
=> C% FeSO4 = 14.7%
\(a) 2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2\\ Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{Na} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,3(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Na} = 0,3.23 = 6,9(gam)\\ b) n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{19,3-6,9}{62} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{NaOH} = n_{Na} + 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,7(mol)\\ m_{dd} = 19,3 + 181 - 0,15.2 = 200(gam)\\ C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,7.40}{200}.100\% = 14\%\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%\approx12,79\%\)
a)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2-->0,4----->0,2--->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
b) mHCl = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\)
c)
mdd sau pư = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)
mZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 27,2 (g)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%=12,8\%\)