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a) $CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$
n CaCO3 = n CO2 = x(mol)
m giảm = m CaCO3 - m CO2
=> 3,36 = 100x -44x
=> x = 0,06(mol)
Gọi n MgCO3 = a(mol) ; n CaCO3 = b(mol)
=> 84a + 100b = 5,68(1)
$MgCO_3 + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
n CO2 = a + b = x = 0,06(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,02 ; b = 0,04
%m MgCO3 = 0,02.84/5,68 .100% = 29,58%
%m CaCO3 = 100% -29,58% = 70,42%
b)
n MgCl2 = a = 0,02(mol)
n CaCl2 = b = 0,04(mol)
n HCl pư = 2a + 2b = 0,12(mol)
=> n HCl dư = 0,5.1 - 0,12 = 0,38(mol)
Vậy :
CM MgCl2 = 0,02/1 = 0,02M
CM CaCl2 = 0,04/1 = 0,04M
CM HCl = 0,38/1 = 0,38M
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{25}{100}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(0.25...........0.25...........0.25\)
\(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0.25}{0.1}=2.5\left(M\right)\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.25..............0.25\)
\(V_{CH_4}=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)
a) nCaCO3=0,25(mol)
CH4 + 2 O2 -to-> CO2 + 2 H2O
0,25<------------------0,25(mol)
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaCO3 + H2O
0,25<------0,25-----------0,25(mol)
b) CMddCa(OH)2= 0,25/0,1= 2,5(M)
b) V(CH4,đktc)=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)
nNa2CO3 = 10,6 / 106 = 0,1 (mol)
Na2CO3 + 2CH3COOH -> 2CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
0,1 0,2 0,2 0,1
mdd CH3COOH = 0,2 * 60 / 5 * 100 = 240 (gam)
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaCO3 + H2O
0,1 0,1
mCaCO3 = 0,1 * 100 = 10 (gam)
mdd = 240 + 10,6 - 0,1 * 44 = 246,2 (gam)
C% = 82 * 0,2 / 246,2 * 100% = 6,66%
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10,6}{106}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Na2CO3 + 2CH3COOH ---> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,1---------->0,2----------------->0,2--------------->0,1
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 ---> CaCO3 + H2O
0,1------------------------->0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddCH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,2.60}{5\%}=240\left(g\right)\\m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{dd}=10,6+240-0,1.44=246,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{CH_3COONa}=\dfrac{82.0,2}{246,2}.100\%=6,66\%\)
\(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{150\cdot12.7\%}{127}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{350\cdot4\%}{40}=0.35\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(0.15...........0.3................0.15............0.3\)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0.15\cdot90=13.5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=150+350-13.5=486.5\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0.3\cdot58.5}{486.5}\cdot100\%=3.61\%\)
\(C\%_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0.35-0.3\right)\cdot40}{486.5}\cdot100\%=0.4\%\)
\(Fe\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}FeO+H_2O\)
\(0.15..........0.15\)
\(m_{FeO}=0.15\cdot72=10.8\left(g\right)\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
\(0.15.........................0.075\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.075\cdot160=12\left(g\right)\)
\(a.2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35}{133,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ TừPT:n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{AlCl_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=3n_{AlCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{150}{1,12}=\dfrac{1875}{14}ml=\dfrac{15}{112}\left(l\right)\\ CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{\dfrac{15}{112}}=2,24M\)
Ta có: m muối = m kim loại + mCl
⇒ mCl = 56,0 - 20,5 = 35,5 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=n_{Cl}=\dfrac{35,5}{35,5}=1\left(mol\right)\)
Mà: nH2 = 1/2nHCl ⇒ nH2 = 0,5 (mol)
⇒ VH2 = 0,5.22,4 = 11,2 (l)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right),n_{K_2SO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=100a+158=70.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(K_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+SO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{khí}=a+b=0.5\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.35\)
\(m_{Muối}=0.15\cdot111+0.35\cdot2\cdot74.5=68.8\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot98}{20\%}=147\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{147}{1,14}\approx128,95\left(ml\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{FeSO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot24,76=7,428\left(l\right)\\m_{FeSO_4}=0,3\cdot152=45,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=163,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{45,6}{163,2}\cdot100\%\approx27,94\%\)
a,PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{3,2}{16}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a) \(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8}{84}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: MgCO3 + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O
0,2--------------------->0,2----->0,2
=> \(m=m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dd}.sau.p\text{ư}}=150+16,8-0,2.44=158\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{19}{158}.100\%=12,025\%\)
b) CO2 + Ca(OH)2 ---> CaCO3 + H2O
0,2----->0,2------------>0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{kt}=m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20\left(g\right)\\V_{\text{dd}Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)