Bài 1:

\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na}=n_{Na_2O}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{Na}=0,4.23=9,2\left(g\right)\\ b.C_{MddA}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\\ C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{500.1,2}.100\approx2,667\%\)

a, \(n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{4,7}{94}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: K₂O + H₂O → 2KOH

Mol:     0,05                   0,1

b) \(C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,02}=5M\)

c) 

PTHH: KOH + HCl → KCl + H₂O

Mol:      0,1        0,1      0,1

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5.100}{20}=18,25\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{0,9125}=103,9\left(ml\right)=0,1039\left(l\right)\)

d) \(C_{M_{ddKCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,02+0,1039}=0,8071M\)

a)

$2K + 2H_2O \to 2KOH + H_2$
$BaO + H_2O \to Ba(OH)_2$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_K = 2n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)$
$\%m_K = \dfrac{0,2.39}{23,1}.100\% = 33,77\%$

$\%m_{BaO} = 100\%- 33,77\% = 66,23\%$

b)

$n_{BaO} = \dfrac{23,1 - 0,2.39}{153} = 0,1(mol)$

$m_{dd} = 23,1 + 177,1 - 0,1.2 = 200(gam)$
$C\%_{KOH} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{200}.100\% = 5,6\%$

$C\%_{Ba(OH)_2} = \dfrac{0,1.171}{200}.100\% = 8,55\%$

c)

$KOH + HCl \to KCl + H_2O$
$Ba(OH)_2 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + 2H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Ba(OH)_2} + n_{KOH} = 0,4(mol)$
$V = \dfrac{0,4}{0,5} = 0,8(lít) = 800(ml)$

a, Ta có: 27n_Al + 56n_Fe = 22 (1)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{19,832}{24,79}=0,8\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{22}.100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6}{0,5}=3,2\left(M\right)\)

1. \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Na₂O + H₂O → 2NaOH

Mol:      0,25                     0,5

\(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1M\)

2. 

PTHH: 2NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Mol:        0,5           0,25

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{20}=122,5\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}=107,456\left(ml\right)\)

\(n_{Na2O}=\dfrac{m_{Na2O}}{M_{Na2O}}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

0,25 mol - 0,25 mol - 0,5 mol

a) \(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{V_{NaOH}}=1\left(M\right)\)

b) \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO4+2H_2O\)

0,25 mol - 0,5 mol - 0,25 mol - 0,5 mol

\(m_{ctH2SO4}=n_{H2SO4}.M_{H2SO4}=24,5\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{\%_{H2SO4}}=\dfrac{m_{ctH2SO4}}{m_{ddH2SO4}}.100\%\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{m_{ctH2SO4}.100\%}{C_{\%_{H2SO4}}}=122,5\left(g\right)\)

\(D_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{m_{ddH2SO4}}{V_{H2SO4}}\Rightarrow V_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{m_{ddH2SO4}}{D_{H2SO4}}\approx107,46\left(ml\right)\)

BTKL: m_D + m_NaHCO3 = m_CO2 + m_E

m_D + 179,88 = 44.0,2 + 492 => m_D = 320,92

BTKL: m_Mg + m_ddHCl = m_H2  + m_D

=> 24 . 0,4 + m_ddHCl = 2 . 0,4 + 320,92 => m_ddHCl = 312,12

=> C%HCl = 11,69%

\(a,PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{37,2}{62}=0,6\cdot2=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{1,2}{0,5}=2,4M\\ b,PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6\cdot98=58,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{58,8\cdot100\%}{20\%}=294\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd}=\dfrac{294}{1,14}\approx257,9\left(ml\right)\)

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