Put a word / phrase in each of the following words to complete the following:
(hold, picks up, even, help, after, thickly, little, hillsides) 

     Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (1)............. small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rock are   slowly worn away. In this way, (2)................ very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

      When particles of rock or soil became loosened in any away, running water carries them down the (3)............ . Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

      Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wears away very slowly, and so loses very (4)............. of its soil. The roots of plants help to (5)............... the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground. Thus, forests and grasslands (6)........... to slow down erosion.

      Even where the land is (7)............. covered with plants, some erosion goes on. In the spring, the melting snow turns into a large quantity of water that then run downhill in streams. As  a stream carries away some of the soil, the stream bed get deeper. (8)............ thousands of years of such erosion, wide valleys are often formed.

VIII. Read and match sentences A-F with gaps 1-5 in the text. There is one extra sentence.
Polar bears live where the ice meets the sea in the Arctic Circle. They are born on land, but they spend most
of their time in the water. (1) ……………………………… However, the polar bear is specially adapted for life
in such a cold place.
The most important adaptation is their fur. A polar bear's fur has both long and short hairs, which means that
it is very thick. This thick fur keeps the bear warm on the land and stops it getting wet when it is swimming.
(2) ……………………………… This means that the bear appears to be white like the snow and ice around it.
The skin under the fur is black. Because of its colour, the skin absorbs the sun's heat and gives the bear
extra warmth.
Under a polar bear's thick fur and black skin is a layer of fat. This layer can be up to 12 cm thick and it
protects the bears from the cold. (3) ……………………………… Polar bears hunt seals for food and these
are difficult to find in the summer when the ice melts.
The shape of a polar bear’s body is also especially designed for the life in the Arctic. (4)
……………………………… All of their body is covered with fur except for the end of their nose. Their round
shape stops the body from losing heat and it helps the bears tolerate the cold.
Polar bears also have fur on the bottoms of their feet, which are enormous. (5) ………………………………
The fur helps the bears walk in the soft snow and also stops them from falling on the ice. The size of their
feet helps them to swim faster, too.
A. Polar bears have a very large body with a small head and very small ears.
B. The hairs are transparent and so the reflect the light from the sun.
C. Sometimes the bears can get too hot, so they jump into the water to cool off.
D. They look like giant snowshoes and they work in the same way.
E. The temperature in the Arctic can be as low as -45ºC in the winter.
F. The bears can also use it for energy when there isn’t anything to eat.
giúp em với mng oi e cần khá gấp hic hic

Use your own idea to complete the following sentences:

If we keep hunting animals, ........................................

If we cut down all the trees, ........................................

Read the text and say these statementa are true or false:

Land pollution:

If we don'recycle plastic and glass, they stay in the ground for a long time. Dangerous chemicals can also go underground, where they are harmful to plants and animals. Whenever we recycle bottles and cans, we reduce land pollution.

Airpollution:

Some power plants and factories put pollution into the air. Cars trucks and planes can also cause air pollution. Whenever we ride a bike or keep the air conditioner low, we reduce air pollution.

Waterpollution:

The same plastics and chemicals that are harmful to our land can also be found in our ocean, rivers and lakes.

Whenever we recycle garbage or shut off the water pollution. 

Write True(T) or False(F):

1.Plastics, glasses and chemicals underground are harmful to plants and animals.

2. Land pollution is cause by dangerous chemicals in the ground.

3. We should recycle plastic and glass to reduce land pollution.

4. Air pollution only cause by cars, trucks and planes.

5. We can reduce air pollution by building more power plants and factories.

6. Water pollution is causes by some plastics and chemicals in the seas, rivers and lakes.

7. We recycle garbage and shut off the water to increase water pollution.

Ai nhanh mik tick cho tick.

B. Read the title. Why do you think these animals are strange?

STRANGE SEA ANIMALS

Do you know that some animals are camouflaged? This means their color is the same as the colors around them. Some camouflaged animals hide in seaweed, rocks, and sand. Look at the photo on the left. This looks like seaweed, but it’s not! It’s the leafy seadragon. It hides in the seaweed. It's the same color as seaweed. Like the seaweed, its body is also in the shape of a leaf. Look at the photo below. This is a stonefish. It hides on the sand, near rocks. It looks like a rock. Where are its eyes and its mouth?

C. Read the article quickly. Underline the places where the animals hide.

STRANGE SEA ANIMALS

Do you know that some animals are camouflaged? This means their color is the same as the colors around them. Some camouflaged animals hide in seaweed, rocks, and sand. Look at the photo on the left. This looks like seaweed, but it’s not! It’s the leafy seadragon. It hides in the seaweed. It's the same color as seaweed. Like the seaweed, its body is also in the shape of a leaf. Look at the photo below. This is a stonefish. It hides on the sand, near rocks. It looks like a rock. Where are its eyes and its mouth?

Dịch:

Some theories of the purpose of dreams

Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?

Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.

The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.

Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit like a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.

Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.

REM and dreaming

Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.

Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.

It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, like language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.

New research

Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses like hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.

Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.

So what’s the conclusion?

Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in particular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.

Doing the research for this article has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?

Find the new words and translate it

dien tu con thieu

1. Can you help me ............. these dirty lasses?

2. What ' s on................. the ciname tonight

3. Come ..... with us. We always need more players

4. Turn...... the lights before leaving the house

5. The train is leaving..... Ha Noi in a few minutes

There's much more water(1)..................... land on the surface of the earth. The seas and oceans cover nearly four- fifths of the (2)........  world , and only one-fifth of its land. If you traveled over the earth(3)............ different directions , you would have to spend (4)................... more of your time moving on water than(5).................. roads or railways . We sometimes forget that for every mile of land there (6)............... four miles of water

There's so much water in the (7)............ of our earth that we have to use two words(8)...... describe. We use the (9)..................... SEAS to describe those parts of water surface which only few hundreds of (10)........ the word OSEANS  to describe the huge area of water which are thousands of miles wide and very deep

Giup kk ha

For many young people in Britain, sport is a popular part of school life, and being (1) _________
one of the school teams and playing in matches is very important. If someone is (2) _________ a
team, it means a lot of extra practice and often spending Saturday or Sunday away (3) _________
home, as many matches are played then.
It can also involve travelling (4) _________ other towns to play against other school teams and
then staying after the match (5) _________ a meal or a drink. Sometimes parents, friends and other
students will travel (6) _________ the team to support their own side.
When a school team wins a match, it is the whole school that feels proud, not only the players. It
can also mean that the school becomes well-known (7) ___________ being good (8) ________
certain sports, and students from that school may end up playing (9) ________ national and
international teams so that the school has some really famous names associated (10) _________ it!
1. A. with B. for C. from D. in
2. A. for B. to C. in D. with
3. A. on B. at C. to D. from
4. A. at B. to C. by D. for
5. A. for B. to C. away D. by
6. A. down B. with C. up D. on
7. A. in B. for C. with D. by
8. A. at B. in C. for D. on
9. A. in B. with C. by D. for
10.A. for B. at C. in D. with

Cho dạng đúng của  từ trong ngoặc để hoàn thành bức thư sau .

Dear Kay,

Insabella and I are having  the (1.good)……………….holiday of our life!We are in Cinabliss Resort ,one of the (2 .lovely)………………………….inlands in the Eastern Sea.Although it is much (3.small )……………….than Vinaland,there seems to be (4.much)…………….to do than in Vinaland .Moreover,the people here  seem to be (5.friendly)…………………….than those on other islands .We are staying in the (6.modern)………………… hotel i have ever seen .it is far(7.comfortable)………………………. than any other hotels and it is even (8.big) …………………….than the world famous Calton hotel.The (9.near)……………………beach is(10.little)…………….. than a hundred meter away,so we can go swim a lot .It’s really good ang I want you to be here with us .

        Love,

        Maltida

Điền các từ sau vào chỗ chấm thích hợp để hoàn thành đoạn văn :from ,means,in,waste ,possible ,wind,should,green.However,who .

     Much of our waste ,especailly waste(1)…………………………..factories,eletric-powered stations ,the chemical industry and heavy industry ,is very dangerous .Fish die (2) …………………………..the lakes,riversand seas;forest tree die,too .Much of this dangerous(3) …………………………..goes into the air and is carried by the(4) …………………………..for great distances .

     The Earthis our home.We (5) …………………………..take care of it,for ourselves,and for our children and grandchildren .This (6) …………………………..we have to keep our environment (7) …………………………..and clean.The importantof this taskis pointed out by ecologists-the scientist(8) …………………………..study the relations between living things and the environment .(9) …………………………..,each of us must do everything (10) …………………………..to keep the land ,air and water clean.