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ta có :
nBr2=\(\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
C2H4+Br2->C2H4Br2
0,1------0,1
=>VC2H4=0,1.22,4=2,24l
=>VCH4=3,36l->n CH4=0,15 mol
->%VC2H4=\(\dfrac{2,24}{5,6}.100\)=40%
=>%VCH4=60%
c)
CH4+2O2-to>CO2+2H2O
0,15---------------0,15
C2H4+3O2--to>2CO2+2H2O
0,1--------------------0,2
=>m CaCO3=0,35.100=35g
a) PTHH: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{C_2H_4Br_2}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{C_2H_4Br_2}=0,2\cdot188=37,6\left(g\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}-0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,7\cdot22,4=15,68\left(l\right)\)
C2H2 + H2 C2H4
C2H2 + H2 C2H6
Khi cho hỗn hợp B qua dd nước Br2 chỉ có C2H4 và C2H2 phản ứng C2H2 +2Br2 → C2H2Br4
C2H4 + Br2 → C2H4Br2
=> khối lượng bình Br2 tăng chính bằng khối lượng của C2H2 và C2H4
mC2H2 + mC2H4 = 4,1 (g)
Hỗn hợp khí D đi ra là CH4, C2H6 và H2
CH4 + 2O2 → t ∘ CO2 + 2H2O
C2H6 + O2 → t ∘ 2CO2 + 3H2O
2H2 + O2 → t ∘ 2H2O
Bảo toàn nguyên tố O cho quá trình đốt cháy hh D ta có:
2nCO2 = 2nO2 – nH2O => nCO2 = ( 0,425. 2– 0,45)/2 = 0,2 (mol)
Bảo toàn khối lượng : mhh D = mCO2 + mH2O – mO2 = 0,2.44 + 0,45.18 – 0,425.32 = 3,3 (g)
Bảo toàn khối lương: mA = (mC2H2 + mC2H4) + mhh D = 4,1 + 3,3 = 7,4 (g)
a.\(m_{Br_2}=m_{C_2H_4}=11,2g\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{28}=0,4mol\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,6}.100=66,66\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-66,66\%=33,34\%\)
\(m_{CH_4}=\left(0,6-0,4\right).16=3,2g\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{11,2+3,2}.100=77,77\%\)
\(\%m_{CH_4}=100\%-77,77\%=22,23\%\)
b.
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(C_2H_4+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,4 2 ( mol )
\(V_{kk}=\left(2+0,4\right).22,4.5=53,76.5=268,8l\)
\(a,n_{hh\left(CH_4,C_2H_4,C_2H_2\right)}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{hh\left(C_2H_4,C_2H_2\right)}=0,4-0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,3\\28a+26b=8,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(CH\equiv CH+2Br-Br\rightarrow CHBr_2-CHBr_2\)
\(CH_2=CH_2+Br-Br\rightarrow CH_2Br-CH_2Br\)
\(b,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}.100\%=25\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,4}.100\%=37,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, PTHH:
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\\ C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+H_2O\\ C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\\ \rightarrow n_{BaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1+0,15.0,15.2=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ m_{BaCO_3}=0,7.197=137,9\left(g\right)\)
a, \(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Br_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4}=3,36-1,12=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}+\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=0,325\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,325.22,4=7,28\left(l\right)\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=36,4\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Br_2}=n_{C_2H_4}+2n_{C_2H_2}=x+2y\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x + 2y = 0,1 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\left(mol\right)\\y=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,06}.100\%\approx33,33\%\\\%\text{ }V_{C_2H_2}\approx66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: 1/2 hỗn hợp khí gồm: 0,01 mol C2H4 và 0,02 mol C2H2.
PT: \(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=2n_{C_2H_4}+2n_{C_2H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{CaCO_3}=0,06.100=6\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!