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\(\frac{a+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b+ac}{c+a}+\frac{c+ab}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ac}{a+c}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}{a+b}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cô Si: \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}\ge2\left(a+b\right)\)
Tương tự,cộng theo vế và rút gọn =>đpcm
\(\frac{a+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b+ac}{c+a}+\frac{c+ab}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ac}{a+c}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}{a+b}\)
Áp dụng bđt CÔ si
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}\ge2\left(a+b\right)\)
.............
Bài 1:
Ta có: a + b - 2c = 0
⇒ a = 2c − b thay vào a2 + b2 + ab - 3c2 = 0 ta có:
(2c − b)2 + b2 + (2c − b).b − 3c2 = 0
⇔ 4c2 − 4bc + b2 + b2 + 2bc − b2 − 3c2 = 0
⇔ b2 − 2bc + c2 = 0
⇔ (b − c)2 = 0
⇔ b − c = 0
⇔ b = c
⇒ a + c − 2c = 0
⇔ a − c = 0
⇔ a = c
⇒ a = b = c
Vậy a = b = c
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(\frac{ab}{a+b}=ab.\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=\frac{b}{4}+\frac{a}{4}\)
Tương tự các BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế ta có d9pcm.
Bài 2: 2 bài đều dùng Svac cả!
(cần thì ib t gửi link cho)
\(P=\left(b+c+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\right)=1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+1+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}+1\)
\(=3+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)
Mặt khác do \(b\le c\le d\Rightarrow\left(d-c\right)\left(c-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cd-bd-c^2+bc\ge0\Leftrightarrow bc+cd\ge c^2+bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{bc+cd}{cd}\ge\frac{c^2+bd}{cd}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+1\ge\frac{c}{d}+\frac{b}{c}\)
\(\frac{bc+cd}{bc}\ge\frac{c^2+bd}{bc}\Leftrightarrow\frac{d}{b}+1\ge\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}+2\ge\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}\right)+2\ge\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}=P\)
Mà \(a\le b\le d\le2a\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{b}{d}\le1\\1\le\frac{d}{b}\le2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{b}{d}-1\right)\left(\frac{d}{b}-2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow1-2\frac{b}{d}-\frac{d}{b}+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}\le3-\frac{b}{d}\le3-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le2.\frac{5}{2}+2=7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=c=a\\d=2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tiện tay chém trước vài bài dễ.
Bài 1:
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{\frac{a+b+c}{2}}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
Nhưng dấu bằng không xảy ra nên ta có đpcm. (tui dùng cái kí hiệu tổng cho nó gọn thôi nha!)
Bài 2:
1) Thấy nó sao sao nên để tối nghĩ luôn
2)
c) \(VT=\left(a-b+1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 0; b = 1
\(A=\left(1+b^2+a^2+a^2b^2\right).\left(1+c^2\right)\)
\(=1+a^2+b^2+c^2+a^2c^2+b^2c^2+a^2b^2+a^2b^2c^2\)
\(=1+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2.\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2-2abc.\left(a+b+c\right)+a^2b^2c^2\)
Thay ab+bc+ac=1 vào A, ta có:
\(A=1+\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2+1-2abc.\left(a+b+c\right)+a^2b^2c^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2abc.\left(a+b+c\right)+a^2b^2c^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c-abc\right)^2\)
Vì a,b,c thuộc Z
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c-abc\right)^2\)là số chính phương
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(1+a^2\right)=\left(ab+bc+ca+a^2\right)=b\left(a+c\right)+a\left(a+c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\\\left(1+b^2\right)=\left(ab+bc+ca+b^2\right)=a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\\\left(1+c^2\right)=\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\text{[}\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\text{]}^2\Rightarrow\text{đ}pcm\)
\(\frac{2a^2-2ac+c^2}{2b^2-2bc+c^2}=\frac{a-c}{b-c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2b-2a^2c+ac^2-bc^2-2ab^2+2b^2c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a\left(ab-ac+\frac{c^2}{2}\right)-bc^2-2ab^2+2bc^2=b\left(2ac-c^2-2ab+2bc\right)=0\)(đúng)
=> đpcm
Từ \(c^2+2\left(ab-bc-ac\right)=0.\)
\(\Rightarrow c^2+2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{c^2}{2}+ab-bc-ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow bc=\frac{c^2}{2}+ab-ac\)
Có : \(2a\left(ab-ac+\frac{c^2}{2}\right)-bc^2-2ab^2+2bc^2\)
\(=2abc-bc^2-2ab^2+2bc^2\)
\(=-b\left(-2ac+c^2+2ab-2bc\right)\)
\(=-b\left[c^2+2\left(ab-bc-ac\right)\right]=-b.0=0\)\(\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có 1+c2=ab+bc+ca+c2=(a+c)(b+c)
Tương tự 1+a2=(a+b)(a+c)
1+b2=(a+b)(b+c)
Suy ra \(\frac{a-b}{1+c^2}=\frac{a-b}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{c+b}-\frac{1}{c+a}\)
\(\frac{b-c}{1+a^2}=\frac{b-c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}=\frac{1}{a+c}-\frac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\frac{c-a}{1+b^2}=\frac{c-a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{a+b}-\frac{1}{b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a-b}{1+c^2}+\frac{b-c}{1+a^2}+\frac{c-a}{1+b^2}=\frac{1}{c+b}-\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+c}-\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+b}-\frac{1}{b+c}=0\)