I: Rút gọn

\(A=\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}\\ =\sqrt{4-2\cdot2\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}\\ =\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\\ =2-\sqrt{3}\)

\(B=\sqrt{19-8\sqrt{3}}\\ =\sqrt{16-2\cdot4\cdot\sqrt{3}+3}\\ =\sqrt{\left(4-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\\ =4-\sqrt{3}\)

\(C=\sqrt{21-4\sqrt{5}}\\ =\sqrt{20-2\cdot2\sqrt{5}+1}\\ =\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}\right)^2-2\cdot2\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1}\\ =\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}\\ =2\sqrt{5}-1\)

Câu D mình làm chưa ra, sorry :<

a: Ta có: \(\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{19}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(4-\sqrt{19}\right)^2}\)

\(=5-\sqrt{19}-\sqrt{19}+4\)

\(=9-2\sqrt{19}\)

b: Ta có: \(\sqrt{\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{2}-3\right)^2}\)

\(=3-2\sqrt{2}-3+2\sqrt{2}\)

=0

c.

Căn bậc 2 không xác định do $2-\sqrt{5}< 0$

d.

\(=\sqrt{(3+\sqrt{3})^2}(3+\sqrt{3})=|3+\sqrt{3}|(3+\sqrt{3})=(3+\sqrt{3})^2=12+6\sqrt{3}\)

e.

\(=(2-\sqrt{5})\sqrt{(2+\sqrt{5})^2}=(2-\sqrt{5})|2+\sqrt{5}|=(2-\sqrt{5})(2+\sqrt{5})=4-5=-1\)

a,\(\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)

\(=3-1\)

\(=2\)

b, \(\left(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{16-3\sqrt{15}}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{32-6\sqrt{15}}}{\sqrt{2}}.\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{5}+5}-\sqrt{27-2.3\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{5}+5}}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(3\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(=\frac{2\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{2}\left(5-3\right)\)

\(=2\sqrt{2}\)

Lời giải:

Gọi biểu thức cần rút gọn là $P$

Xét tử số: $\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3.1}+1}-\sqrt{3}$

$=\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}-\sqrt{3}=|\sqrt{3}+1|-\sqrt{3}=1$

Xét mẫu số:

Ta dự đoán sẽ rút gọn được $\sqrt[3]{17\sqrt{5}-38}$

Đặt $17\sqrt{5}-38=(a+\sqrt{5})^3$ với $a$ nguyên.
$\Leftrightarrow 17\sqrt{5}-38=a^3+15a+\sqrt{5}(3a^2+5)$

$\Rightarrow 17=3a^2+5$ và $-38=a^3+15a$

$\Rightarrow a=-2$

Vậy $17\sqrt{5}-38=(-2+\sqrt{5})^3$

$\Rightarrow (\sqrt{5}+2)\sqrt[3]{17\sqrt{5}-38}=(\sqrt{5}+2)(-2+\sqrt{5})=1$

Vậy $P=\frac{1}{1}=1$

b) Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\frac{2}{5+2\sqrt{6}}\right)\cdot\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}+2\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)}{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)\left(5+2\sqrt{6}\right)}\right)\cdot\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)\)

\(=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}+10-4\sqrt{6}}{25-24}\cdot\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)\)

\(=\left(15-2\sqrt{6}\right)\cdot\left(15+2\sqrt{6}\right)\)

\(=15^2-\left(2\sqrt{6}\right)^2\)

\(=225-24=201\)

\(a,\left(\sqrt{50}+\sqrt{48}-\sqrt{72}\right)2\sqrt{3}\)

\(=\left(5\sqrt{2}+4\sqrt{3}-6\sqrt{2}\right)2\sqrt{3}\)

\(=\left(4\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)2\sqrt{3}\)

\(=24-2\sqrt{6}\)

A=căn[(x-5)²]/x-5=|x-5|/x-5

Nếu x>=5 thì A=1

Nếu x<5 thì A=-1