In the past, the study of (1)…..was mainly carried out by astronomers using telescopes. However, (2)… .sometimes had it wrong. Meanwhile, apart from the desire to conquer the world around, humans also want more space to accomodate the world’s increasing(3)….

Owing to the developments in space technology, humans have made spectacular explorations and discoveries of the space. The (4)… .can be conducted either by unmanned robotic probes or by human spaceflights.

Undeniably, those achievements have been made quickly as a (5)……of the “space race” by the Soviet Union and the United States. Within more than two(6)……, from the beginning of 1950s to 1970s, the two nations launched many of the milestones, from launching living beings into space to launching flybies to observe (7)…….

However, the biggest achievement of the 21st century has been the cooperation in launching the International Space Station, (8)….. serves as space environment research laboratory for experiments in many fields. It is also suited for the testing of spacecraft (9)….. and equipment required for missions to the Moon and Mars. Hopefully, in the near future, space technological advancements will soon allow us to (10)…… habitable space environment.

In the past, the study of (1)…..was mainly carried out by astronomers using telescopes. However, (2)… .sometimes had it wrong. Meanwhile, apart from the desire to conquer the world around, humans also want more space to accomodate the world’s increasing(3)….

Owing to the developments in space technology, humans have made spectacular explorations and discoveries of the space. The (4)… .can be conducted either by unmanned robotic probes or by human spaceflights.

Undeniably, those achievements have been made quickly as a (5)……of the “space race” by the Soviet Union and the United States. Within more than two(6)……, from the beginning of 1950s to 1970s, the two nations launched many of the milestones, from launching living beings into space to launching flybies to observe (7)…….

However, the biggest achievement of the 21st century has been the cooperation in launching the International Space Station, (8)….. serves as space environment research laboratory for experiments in many fields. It is also suited for the testing of spacecraft (9)….. and equipment required for missions to the Moon and Mars. Hopefully, in the near future, space technological advancements will soon allow us to (10)…… habitable space environment.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
 
It is estimated that by 2050 more than two-thirds of the world's population will live in cities, up from about 54 percent today. While the many benefits of organized and efficient cities are well understood, we need to recognize that this rapid, often unplanned urbanization brings risks of profound social instability, risks to critical infrastructure, potential water crises and the potential for devastating spread of disease. These risks can only be further exacerbated as this unprecedented transition from rural to urban areas continues.
How effectively these risks can be addressed will increasingly be determined by how well cities are governed. The increased concentration of people, physical assets, infrastructure and economic activities mean that the risks materializing at the city level will have far greater potential to disrupt society than ever before.
Urbanization is by no means bad by itself. It brings important benefits for economic, cultural and societal development. Well managed cities are both efficient and effective, enabling economies of scale and network effects while reducing the impact on the climate of transportation. As such, an urban model can make economic activity more environmentally-friendly. Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
But these utopian concepts are threatened by some of the factors driving rapid urbanization. For example, one of the main factors is rural-urban migration, driven by the prospect of greater employment opportunities and the hope of a better life in cities. But rapidly increasing population density can create severe problems, especially if planning efforts are not sufficient to cope with the influx of new inhabitants. The result may, in extreme cases, be widespread poverty. Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.
The Global Risks 2015 Report looks at four areas that face particularly daunting challenges in the face of rapid and unplanned urbanization: infrastructure, health, climate change, and social instability. In each of these areas we find new risks that can best be managed or, in some cases, transferred through the mechanism of insurance.
Question 36: The word “that" in paragraph 4 refers to __________.
​A. urban expansion ​​B. socio-economic disparities
​C. disease  ​D. unsanitary conditions
Question 37:According to paragraph 3, what is one of the advantages of urbanization?
​A. It minimizes risks for economic, cultural and societal development.
​B. It makes water supply system both efficient and effective.  
​C. Weather and climate in the city will be much improved.
​D. People may come up with new ideas for innovation.
Question 38:Which statement is TRUE, according to the passage?
​A. Urbanization brings important benefits for development as well.
​B. 54% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050.
​C. Risks cannot be addressed effectively no matter how well cities are governed.
​D. Rapidly increasing population density can help solve poverty.
Question 39: The word "addressed" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
​A. aimed at ​B. dealt with ​C. added to ​D. agreed on
Question 40: What can be inferred from the passage?
​A. Poverty may be a foregone conclusion of unplanned urbanization.
​B. Diseases are caused by people migrating to cities.  
​C. Urbanization can solve the problem of environmental pollution in cities.
​D. The increasing number of people in cities can create more employment.
Question 41: Which is the most suitable title for the passage?
​A. The Risks of Rapid Urbanization in Developing Countries
​B. Infrastructure and Economic Activities in Cities
​C. The Global Risks 2015 Report on Developing Urban Areas
​D. Rapid Urbanization Put Cities in Jeopardy
Question 42: The word “spark” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ___________.
​A. need ​B. start ​C. encourage ​D. design

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

The development of writing (1) ______ a huge difference to the world and might see it as the beginning of the (2) ______. Pieces of pottery with marks on that are probably numbers have been discovered in China that date from around 4000 BC. Hieroglyphics and other forms of "picture writing" developed in the (3) _______ around Mesopotamia (mordern-day Iraq), where the ancent Sumerian civilization was based, from around 3300 BC onwards. However, the first (4)________ alphabet was used by the Phoenicians around 1050BC. Their alphabet had 22 letters and it is estimated that it lasted for 1000 years. The first two signs were called "aleph" and "beth", which in Greek became "alpha" and "beta", which gave us the (5) ________ word "alphabet".

Question 1

A. did

B. had

C. made

D. took

 Read the following passages and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks

Passage1:

Humans have long been fascinated by (1).............space, and have wondered if there are intelligent life-forms elsewhere, which we might be able to contact. (2) .............   , we've all seen space creatures on our TV and cinema screens, but “aliens" like these owe more to the (3)  .............  of using human actors to play the parts than to any real form of (4) .............  investigation.

However, many serious space (5)    .............   are now beginning to turn their attention to the question of what alien life might actually look like. One early result is Arnold the Alien, which designed by biologist, Dougal Dixon. This strange being, unlike humans, has its eyes, ears and limbs in groups of three instead of pairs but, despite its old appearance, its behavior not very different from our own.

Question 1.A. out              B. outer         C. outside              D. outing

Question 2.A. nature        B. natural       C. naturally           D. naturalness

Question 3.A. convenient    B. convenience     C. conveniention       D. conveniences

Question 4.A. science`  B. scientist        C. scientific         D. scientificly

Question 5.A. research     B. researches   C. researcher         D. researchers

Passage 2:

Air pollution is a cause of ill-health in human beings. In a lot of countries there are laws limiting the (1)................ of smoke which factories can produce. Although there isn’t enough information on the effects (2)............smoke in the atmosphere, doctors have proved that air pollution causes lung diseases.

The gases from the exhausts of cars have also (3).............. air pollution in most cities. The lead in petrol produces a poisonous gas which is often collected in busy streets surrounded by high buildings. Children who live in areas where there is a lot of lead in the atmosphere cannot think as (4).................. as other children and they are clumsy when they use their hands.

There are other long-term effects of pollution. If the gases in the atmosphere continue to increase, the earth’s climate may become warmer. A lot of the ice near the Poles may melt and may cause serious (5)....................

Question 1: A.  most        B.  number    C.  more      D.  amount

Question 2: A.  in        B.  on    C.  for         D.  of

Question 3: A.  increase           B.  increased     C.  increases         D.  increasing

Question 4: A.  slowly             B.  quick           C.  quickly               D.  slow

Question 5: A.  tornadoes        B.  droughts        C.  floods           D.  storms

SECTION III: READING (5.0 points)
Part 1: Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the following
questions. Write your answer (A, B, C, or D) in the numbered boxes.
Since ancient times, one of the most common materials people have utilized to make things
with is wood. Wood is used to make houses, buildings, and other structures. People also
make a large number of smaller objects with it.
The desire to make finished products more beautiful appears to be ingrained in huma n
nature. On account of this fact, for thousands of years, people have carved and shaped
wooden objects to make them more appealing to the eye. Humans have additionally tended
to create both religious and ceremonial objects from wood. In fact, all around the world,
countless cultures have made use of ceremonial wood carvings. These objects often reflect
the spirit of the people who made them, and each of them tends to hold a special
significance as well.
One of the most common types of wood carvings is the mask. People in many cultures in
Asia, Africa, and North America have made ceremonial wooden masks. In Africa, for
instance, large numbers of tribes use wooden masks for vari ous spiritual rituals. These
masks are often in the form of animals that are sacred to the tribes. In other cases, the masks
have human forms. The faces, however, may not be exactly humanlike. For instance, the
faces can be distorted, having wider, longer, smaller, or larger features than normal. The
masks may be carved to give them ugly or frightening appearances as well. And, on other
occasions, the masks are made to look as beautiful as possible.
While masks tend to be fairly small, other wood carvings can be enormous. Among the
largest of all ceremonial wood carvings is the totem p ole. Totem poles have been built by
several Native American tribes that reside in the northwestern part of North America. They
are normally made to represent families, or they may honor significant historical events.
Some even tell stories. A typical totem pole has several individual carvings on it. Each
carving represents a different part of the family history, event, or story. Most totem poles
have human or animal faces, as well as other figures, carved in them. They are so large that
they are made from e ntire trees. Once the trees are cut down, master craftsmen work on
them. When completed, they may or may not be painted. Then, the totem poles are
positioned in places of honor and placed upright.

1. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The ways wood can be used to make buildings B. The purposes of masks in some cultures
C. The types of wood carvings some people make D. Totem poles and their significance
2. In line 4, the word ingrained is closest in meaning to _________.
A. embedded B. disturbed C. initiated D. consistent
3. Why have some people carved wooden objects?
A. To give them to others as gifts B. To worship them as idols
C. To employ them as weapons D. To utilize them in ceremonies
4. In line 14, the phrase sacred to is closest in meaning to _________.
A. important to B. hunted by C. revered by D. necessary for
5. What does the author say about masks?
A. They always resemble human faces. B. It takes a great deal of effort to make them.
C. People make them on several continents. D. Animal masks are more popular than human ones.
6. The author uses totem poles as an example of _________.
A. wood carvings that are large in size B. a type of wood carving older than masks
C. the most impressive of all wood carvings D. the wood carvings favored by all Native Americans
7. In line 22, the word they refers to _________.
A. several Native American tribes B. totem poles C. families D. significant historical events
8. What does the author imply about wood carvings?
A. They take years to learn how to make. B. They are expensive to buy.
C. They need special types of wood. D. They may vary in size.
9. The author mentions all of the following about totem poles EXCEPT _________.
A. what they look like B. what they represent
C. which trees are used to make them D. who usually carves them

Each sentence below contains an error. Underline it and write the correct answer in the space provided.

1. The astronaut visited our school yesterday morning has flown into space four times.

2. Pham Tuan had been awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union after returning from space.

3.The site which the space shuttle is going to be launched next week attracts a lot of visitor.

4. When Alan Shepard travelled into space in May 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person on April 12^th , 1961.

5. The rocks my father always carries them in his bag came from outer space

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Earth is richly supplied with different types of living organisms which co-exist in their environments, forming complex, interrelated communities. Living organisms depend on one another for nutrients, shelter, and other benefits. The extinction of one species can set off a chain reaction that affects many other species, particularly if the loss occurs near the bottom of the food chain. For example, the extinction of a particular insect or plant might seem inconsequential. However, there may be fish or small animals that depend on that resource for foodstuffs. The loss can threaten the survival of these creatures and larger predators that prey upon them. Extinction can have a ripple effect that spreads throughout nature.

In addition to its biological consequences, extinction poses a moral dilemma for humans, the only species capable of saving the others. The presence of humans on the planet has affected all other life forms, particularly plants and animals. Human lifestyles have proven to be incompatible with the survival of some other species. Purposeful efforts have been made to eliminate animals that prey on people, livestock, crops, or pose any threat to human livelihoods. Some wild animals have been decimated by human desire for meat, hides, fur, or other body parts with commercial value. Likewise, demand for land, water, and other natural resources has left many wild plants and animals with little to no suitable habitat. Humans have also affected nature by introducing non-native species to local areas and producing pollutants having a negative impact on the environment. The combination of these human-related effects and natural obstacles such as disease or low birthrates has proven to be too much for some species to overcome. They have no chance of survival without human help.

As a result, societies have difficult choices to make about the amount of effort and money they are willing to spend to save imperiled species. Will people accept limits on their property rights, recreational activities, and means of livelihood to save a plant or an animal? Should saving such popular species as whales and dolphins take priority over saving obscure, annoying, or fearful species? Is it the responsibility of humans to save every kind of life form from disappearing, or is extinction an inevitable part of nature, in which the strong survive and the weak perish? These are some difficult questions that people face as they ponder the fate of other species living on this planet.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Humans and endangered species

B. The importance of living organisms

C. Measures to protect endangered species

D. Causes of animal extinction

Dịch văn bản sau sang Tiếng Việt:

We live in a dynamic world, and habitats are always undergoing changes at all sorts of levels. However, natural changes usually occur at a slow pace so that impacts on individual species tend to be slight - at least in the short term
When the pace of change is greatly accelerated, there may be no time for individual species to react to new circumstances, and the effects can be disastrous. Briefly, this is the reason that rapid habitat loss is regarded as the chief cause of species endangerment, and there is no force more powerful in this regard than human beings. To some extent, every part of the earth has been affected by human activities, especially during this past century. This applies on virtually every scale, from the loss of microbes in soils that once supported tropical forests, to the extinction of fish and other aquatic species in polluted freshwater habitats, to changes in global climate caused by the release of greenhouse gases. From the perspective of an individual human lifetime, such changes may be hard to detect and their effects on individual species may be hard to predict. But the lesson is clear enough. For example, although many countries have had plans to grow many tropical forests, they are highly susceptible to destruction because the soils in which they grow are poor in available nutrients. Centuries may be required to bring back a forest that was cut down or burnt out in the space of a few years. Many of the world's severely threatened animals and plants live in such forests, and it is certain that huge numbers of them will disappear if present rates of forest loss continue. Habitats in the world are unchangeable and fixedly exist.