a)

`(2x-1)(x+2/3)=0`

\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\x+\dfrac{2}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ < =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

\(\dfrac{x+4}{2019}+\dfrac{x+3}{2020}=\dfrac{x+2}{2021}+\dfrac{x+1}{2022}\)

\(< =>\dfrac{x+4}{2019}+1+\dfrac{x+3}{2020}+1=\dfrac{x+2}{2021}+1+\dfrac{x+1}{2022}+1\)

\(< =>\dfrac{x+2023}{2019}+\dfrac{x+2023}{2020}=\dfrac{x+2023}{2021}+\dfrac{x+2023}{2022}\)

\(< =>\left(x+2023\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2019}+\dfrac{1}{2020}-\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)=0\)

\(< =>x+2023=0\left(\dfrac{1}{2019}+\dfrac{1}{2020}-\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\ne0\right)\\ < =>x=-2023\)

sai rồi , x không thể có 2 giá trị

Do \(x-2019\) và \(x-2020\) là 2 số nguyên liên tiếp nên luôn khác tính chẵn lẻ

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}\) luôn lẻ với mọi x

Nếu \(y< 2021\Rightarrow\) vế trái nguyên còn vế phải không nguyên (không thỏa mãn)

\(\Rightarrow y\ge2021\)

Nếu \(y>2021\), do 2020 chẵn \(\Rightarrow2020^{y-2021}\) chẵn. Vế trái luôn lẻ, vế phải luôn chẵn \(\Rightarrow\) không tồn tại x; y nguyên thỏa mãn

\(\Rightarrow y=2021\)

Khi đó pt trở thành: \(\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}=1\)

Nhận thấy \(x=2019\) và \(x=2020\) là 2 nghiệm của pt đã cho

- Với \(x< 2019\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}>0\\\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}>1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}>1\) pt vô nghiệm

- Với \(x>2020\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}>0\\\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}>1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(x-2020\right)^{2020}>1\) pt vô nghiệm

- Với \(2019< x< 2020\) viết lại pt: \(\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(2020-x\right)^{2020}=1\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0< x-2019< 1\\0< 2020-x< 1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}< x-2019\\\left(2020-x\right)^{2020}< 2020-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2019\right)^{2020}+\left(2020-x\right)^{2020}< 1\) pt vô nghiệm

Vậy pt có đúng 2 cặp nghiệm: \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2019;2021\right);\left(2020;2021\right)\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}=3.\)  \(\left(2018+2019+2020\right)^0\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}=3\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}^2=3^2\)

\(x-1=9\)

\(x=9+1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=10\)

Ta có công thức : \(\sqrt{x-1}^2=n^2\) thì mới phá được dấu căn bậc 2

Nên ta làm như sau : 

\(\sqrt{x-1}=3.\) \(\left(2018+2019+2020\right)^0\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}=3\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}^2=3^2\)

\(x-1=9\)

\(x=9+1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=10\)

Gọi pt đề bài là (*)

Ta có (*) <=> x - 1 = 3²

<=> x = 10

\(\sqrt{x-1}=3.\left(2018+2019+2020\right)^0\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}=3\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}^2=3^2\)

\(x-1=9\)

\(x=9+1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=10\)

\(\text{Ta có:}\left(x+2019\right)^{2018}\ge0với\forall x\)

            \(|y-2020|\ge0với\forall y\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x+2019\right)^{2018}+\)\(|y-2020|\ge0với\forall x,y\)

\(\text{Mà }\)\(\left(x+2019\right)^{2018}+\)\(|y-2020|=0\)\(\text{(Theo đề bài)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+2019\right)^{2018}=0\\|y-2020|=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2019=0\\y-2020=0\end{cases}}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2019\\y=2020\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow M=x+y=-2019+2020=1\)

x thuộc 2019 ; 2020

y=2021

\(\sqrt{x-1}=5.\left(2018+2019+2020\right)^0\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}^2=5^2\)

\(x-1=25\)

\(x=25+1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=26\)

Mình làm hơi tắt, để mình làm lại nhé!

\(\sqrt{x-1}=5.\left(2018+2019+2020\right)^0\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}=5\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}^2=5^2\)

\(x-1=25\)

\(x=25+1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=26\)

\(A=\left(\left|x-1\right|+\left|2020-x\right|\right)+\left(\left|x-2\right|+\left|2019-x\right|\right)+...+\left(\left|x-1009\right|+\left|1010-x\right|\right)\\ A\ge\left|x-1+2020-x\right|+\left|x-2+2019-x\right|+...+\left|x-1009+1010-x\right|\\ A\ge2019+2017+...+1=\dfrac{2020\left[\left(2019-1\right):2+1\right]}{2}=1020100\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(2020-x\right)\ge0\\...\\\left(x-1009\right)\left(1010-x\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\le x\le2020\\...\\1009\le x\le1010\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1009\le x\le1010\)