Mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

He was driving so fast that he could have had an accident.

A. He wasn’t driving fast enough to avoid an accident

B. He didn’t have an accident although he was driving very fast

C. If he had been driving very fast, he would have had an accident

D. An accident happened, and it was caused by his very fast driving

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

If he had known the road was icy, he wouldn’t have been driving very fast

A. He was driving very fast because he didn’t know the road was icy

B. He has been driving very fast because he doesn’t know the road was icy

C. If only he knew the road was icy, he wouldn’t be driving very fast

D. He had been driving very fast because he didn’t know the road was icy

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

He was driving very fast because he didn’t know the road was icy.

A. If he knew the road was icy, he wouldn’t drive so fast.

B. He hadn’t been driving very fast if he would have known the road was icy.

C. If he had known the road was icy, he wouldn’t have been driving so fast.

D. He wasn’t driving very fast if he would know the road was icy.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to the sentence given in each of the following questions.

He did not pass his driving test until he was nearly 30.

A. It was not until he was nearly 30 so he passed his driving test.

B. It was until he was nearly 30 that he passed his driving test.

C. It was not until he was nearly 30 that he passed his driving test.

D. It was not until he was nearly 30 that he  has passed his driving test.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

He said it was an accident but I know he did it on _______ .

A. aim

B. purpose

C. goal

D. reason

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.

In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca -Cola, the world - famous carbonated soft drink.

Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.

In paragraph 1, the word arduous is closest in meaning to _______.

A. constant

B. tough

C. specific

D. detailed

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the

correct answer to each of the questions.

A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident.

In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca – Cola, the world – famous carbonated soft drink.

Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food. the microwave oven.

In paragraph 1, the word arduous is closest in meaning to _______.

A. constant

B. tough

C. specific

D. detailed