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\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(NaOH+Al\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
Ta có :
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
Dựa vào PTHH ta thấy :
\(n_{Fe}=2\cdot n_{Fe_2O_3}=2\cdot0.1=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.2\cdot56=11.2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=19.3-11.2=8.1\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{8.1}{19.3}\cdot100\%=41.96\%\)
Chất rắn D là Cu, chất rắn E là CuO
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=0,16\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,16}{32}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,01<-0,005
=> mCu = 0,01.64 = 0,64 (g)
Gọi số mol K, Ba là a, b (mol)
=> 39a + 137b = 3,18 - 0,64 = 2,54 (1)
PTHH: 2K + 2H2O --> 2KOH + H2
a--------------->a
Ba + 2H2O --> Ba(OH)2 + H2
b--------------->b
=> 56a + 171b = 3,39 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,03 (mol); b = 0,01 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,64}{3,18}.100\%=20,126\%\\\%m_K=\dfrac{0,03.,39}{3,18}.100\%=36,792\%\\\%m_{Ba}=\dfrac{0,01.137}{3,18}.100\%=43,082\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{O_2}=m+0,16-m=0,16\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,16}{32}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,01 0,005
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_K=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
2K + 2H2O ---> 2KOH + H2
a a
Ba + 2H2O ---> Ba(OH)2 + H2
b b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}39a+137b=3,18-0,01.64=2,54\\56a+171b=3,39\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,03\left(mol\right)\\b=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,01.64}{3,18}=20,13\%\\\%m_K=\dfrac{0,03.39}{3,18}=36,79\%\\\%m_{Ba}=100\%-20,13\%-36,79\%=43,08\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
$2Mg + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2MgO$
$2Cu + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CuO$
$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
$MgO + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2O$
$CuO + 2HCl \to CuCl_2 + H_2O$
$Al_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2O$
Gọi $n_{MgO} = a(mol) ; n_{CuO} = b(mol) ; n_{Al_2O_3} = c(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng : $m_{O_2} = 23,2 - 16,8 = 6,4(gam)$
$n_{O_2} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow 0,5a + 0,5b + 1,5c = 0,2(1)$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{HCl} =2 n_{MgO} + 2n_{CuO} + 6n_{Al_2O_3} = 0,8(theo (1))$
Suy ra : $V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,8}{2} = 0,4(lít)$
A: MgO, CuO
B: MgCl2, CuCl2
C: Mg(OH)2, Cu(OH)2
PT: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)