Read the text below and complete it with the verbs in the box. Use “used to” or the present simple (e.g. he lives, they live, ect.)

The lives of Inuit people of North America have changed a lot in 50 years. First, their name: people (0) used to call them Eskimos, but now they are called Inuits, which means “the people”. They (1) __________ in igloos in the winter but today, many of them live in houses in small towns. They (2) __________ seals – they ate the meat and made clothes from fur. Many of the people still (3) __________ seal-skin clothes today because they are very warm. Remember, the weather is extremely cold for many months of the year. To move over the snow, they (4) __________ special snowshoes on their feet, but today many Inuits (5) __________ snowmobiles. These machines can travel long distances in a short time. In the past it (6) __________ them days or weeks to travel the same distance. Inuit children never (7) __________ to school – they learnt everything from their parents. But now, like all North Americans, they (8) __________ about 10 years of school education. Life is not as hard as it (9) __________, but many of the older Inuits (10) __________ town life and want to go back to the old days.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Earth is richly supplied with different types of living organisms which co-exist in their environments, forming complex, interrelated communities. Living organisms depend on one another for nutrients, shelter, and other benefits. The extinction of one species can set off a chain reaction that affects many other species, particularly if the loss occurs near the bottom of the food chain. For example, the extinction of a particular insect or plant might seem inconsequential. However, there may be fish or small animals that depend on that resource for foodstuffs. The loss can threaten the survival of these creatures and larger predators that prey upon them. Extinction can have a ripple effect that spreads throughout nature.

In addition to its biological consequences, extinction poses a moral dilemma for humans, the only species capable of saving the others. The presence of humans on the planet has affected all other life forms, particularly plants and animals. Human lifestyles have proven to be incompatible with the survival of some other species. Purposeful efforts have been made to eliminate animals that prey on people, livestock, crops, or pose any threat to human livelihoods. Some wild animals have been decimated by human desire for meat, hides, fur, or other body parts with commercial value. Likewise, demand for land, water, and other natural resources has left many wild plants and animals with little to no suitable habitat. Humans have also affected nature by introducing non-native species to local areas and producing pollutants having a negative impact on the environment. The combination of these human-related effects and natural obstacles such as disease or low birthrates has proven to be too much for some species to overcome. They have no chance of survival without human help.

As a result, societies have difficult choices to make about the amount of effort and money they are willing to spend to save imperiled species. Will people accept limits on their property rights, recreational activities, and means of livelihood to save a plant or an animal? Should saving such popular species as whales and dolphins take priority over saving obscure, annoying, or fearful species? Is it the responsibility of humans to save every kind of life form from disappearing, or is extinction an inevitable part of nature, in which the strong survive and the weak perish? These are some difficult questions that people face as they ponder the fate of other species living on this planet.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Humans and endangered species

B. The importance of living organisms

C. Measures to protect endangered species

D. Causes of animal extinction

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Stories about how people somehow know when they are being watched have been going around for centuries. However, few (1)________ have been made to study the phenomenon scientifically. Now, with the accomplishment of the largest ever research of the so-called staring effect, there is striking indication that this is a recognizable and (2)________ sixth sense. The research elaborates thousands of kids. For the research, they stood with their eyes covered and with their backs to other youngsters, who were told to either stare at them or look away. The outcomes constantly revealed that the kids who could not see were able to (3)________ when they were being stared at. In total of 14.000 experiments (4)________ globally, the teenagers (5)________ sensed when they were being watched almost 81% of the time.

Question 1

A. efforts

B. attempts

C. exams

D. goals

In most lines of the following text, there is either a spelling or an punctuation error, for each numbered line 1- 15, write the correctly spelt word or show the correct punctuation in the space on the right. Some lines are correct. Indicate these lines with a tick (P). The first three lines are done for you as examples.

 Use the words in brackets in their correct forms. 
Judo is a sport that has achieved great (1. popular) ____ in many parts of the world. It was (2. origin) ____ developed in Japan in the late 19th century based on ancient methods of self-defence. There are two (3. fight) ____. Although they use physical violence against each other, they are respectful to their (4. oppose) ____ and bow to each other before and after each contest.
Judo is an (5. expensive) ____ sport to take up because the only equipment you need is the special loose-fitting suit. It is very suitable for (6. young) ____ if they join a club where the (7. instruct) ____ are properly qualified and pay enough attention to safety. Although Judo is a physically (8. demand) ____ sport which requires a lot of strength practice and skill, there are many people who find it enjoyable as a mean of relaxation in their spare time.

EXERCISE ON WORD FORMATION

41. Don’t ........................! Nothing bad really happened. (DRAMA)
42. I’m unable to .......................between these perfumes, they all smell the same. (DIFFERENT)
43. We’ve run out of .......................floss so we must remember to buy some. (DENTIST)
44. My grandma .............................. a natural ............................ (DIE)
45. They give her morphine to ...................the pain.(DEAD)

46. The ...................................... of those mountainous villages is the greatest achievement of this government.(ELECTRIC)
47. With the ............................ of the soup it was a wonderful meal.(EXCEPT)
48. Her ........................ in helping the poor earned her admiration in the neighbourhood. (SELF)
49. Soak the dried mushroom overnight to ..................... them before cooking.(SOFT)
50. They have always wanted to have a baby, but Sue .................each time she got pregnant.(CARRY)
51. Chinese cooking can be ..........................as spicy.(CHARACTER)
52. Don’t be too hasty to pass .............................on other people.(JUDGE)
53. Cut the carrots ............................. and put them into water.(LONG)
54. It’s obviously ......................... behaviour for a son to marry his mother.(NATURE)
55. The ................................... of his work lies in the materials he uses.(ORIGIN)
56. I can understand your arguments only ....................................... .(PART)
57. The pregnant woman talked with her husband about the responsibilities of their future .................(PARENT)
58. The ............................over, we started serious discussions with the delegates.(PLEASANT)
59. Her designs might look well on paper but they are quite ......................(PRACTICE)
60. Can I find a pencil .........................somewhere in this library? (SHARP)

61. I like him a lot, but I’m not .......................... attracted to him. (SEX)
62. Feel the ......................... moisturisation makes to your hair.(DIFFER)
63. I obviously have very strange morals, or lack of them, because it really doesn’t bother me in the ........................ (SLIGHT).

64. Am I vain in the fact that I take myself.................... (SERIOUS)?
65. Putting your face on TV doesn’t ....................... make you famous, it makes you ............................ .(NEED; RECOGNISE)
66. Though Monsters has a great storyline younger ..................may be confused as some facts are never explained.(VIEW)
67. What should I buy for my girlfriend? Underwear’s too obvious, chocolates are too ......................... and a book would be a bit boring.(PREDICT)
68. It is better to be divorced and homeless than married and ...........................(HOPE)
69. Off-screen, Simon’s been making a name for himself in the tabloids as a playboy in .................... kiss and tells by blonde lapdancers.(NUMBER)
70. Scandinavian legend says that when the son of the goddess Frigga was killed her tears of ...................... became the white berries.(SORRY)

Read the text below and choose the answer (A B C D) that bests fits each gal

In a recent survey, people were asked to list the experiences they would most like to have before they died. In response, a surprising (1)...... of people metioned that they'd like to see whales in their natural habitat. In (2)....... fact, this is an ambition that can be (3)....... relatively easily

It is (4)........ that the seas around Iceland are home to over 5,000 orca or killer whales, as they sometimes know. But their bahavior, and therefore your chances of seeing them, varies (5)....... to the season

In summer, the whales have a (6)......... to hang out near the coast and can be seen swimming up fiords and inlets. During the winter months, however, the animals are generally to be found (7)....... out at sea. (8)....

.. season you choose for ypur trip, whale- watching trips are very easy to organize amd there's a (9)......... chance you'll get to see other whale species too

Besides Iceland, another option is to (10)....... for northern. Norway between October and January. Orcas arrive here at this time of year in (11)...... of large shoals of herring, which are important (12)....... of their diet. If you're lucky, you might even see some spectacular displays of northern lights during your time there

1. A.amount B.number C.quantity D.crowd

2. A.real B.true C.honest D.actual

3. A.answered B.rewarded C.honored D.fulfilled

4. A.estimated B.counted C.guessed D.totalled

5. A.according B.depending C.relying D.agreeing

6. A.custom B.tendency C.habit D.trend

7. A.longer B.wider C.broader D.further

8. A. Whenever B. Whoever C. Whichever D. However

9. A.fine B.good C.bright D.great

10. A.head B.set C.point D.pick

11. A.hunt B.follow C.pursuit D.seek

12. A.thing B.food C.meal D.part

Read the text below and choose the answer (A B C D) that bests fits each gal

In a recent survey, people were asked to list the experiences they would most like to have before they died. In response, a surprising (1)...... of people metioned that they'd like to see whales in their natural habitat. In (2)....... fact, this is an ambition that can be (3)....... relatively easily

It is (4)........ that the seas around Iceland are home to over 5,000 orca or killer whales, as they sometimes know. But their bahavior, and therefore your chances of seeing them, varies (5)....... to the season

In summer, the whales have a (6)......... to hang out near the coast and can be seen swimming up fiords and inlets. During the winter months, however, the animals are generally to be found (7)....... out at sea. (8)....

.. season you choose for ypur trip, whale- watching trips are very easy to organize amd there's a (9)......... chance you'll get to see other whale species too

Besides Iceland, another option is to (10)....... for northern. Norway between October and January. Orcas arrive here at this time of year in (11)...... of large shoals of herring, which are important (12)....... of their diet. If you're lucky, you might even see some spectacular displays of northern lights during your time there

1. A.amount B.number C.quantity D.crowd

2. A.real B.true C.honest D.actual

3. A.answered B.rewarded C.honored D.fulfilled

4. A.estimated B.counted C.guessed D.totalled

5. A.according B.depending C.relying D.agreeing

6. A.custom B.tendency C.habit D.trend

7. A.longer B.wider C.broader D.further

8. A. Whenever B. Whoever C. Whichever D. However

9. A.fine B.good C.bright D.great

10. A.head B.set C.point D.pick

11. A.hunt B.follow C.pursuit D.seek

12. A.thing B.food C.meal D.part

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over the past few years, memes-usually images or videos with text often meant to be funny or sarcastic in nature-have become one of the most popular ways, along with photos and videos, that youth communicate on social media. While some of that communication can be positive, allowing teenagers to explore their own identity development and find a sense of belonging, it can also get teens in trouble.
Sharing videos, images and memes creates the opportunity for an instantaneous positive feedback loop that can perpetuate poor decision making. In an environment where teens spend around nine hours using some form of oline media every day, it doesn't take long for them to be influenced by an "all-about-likes"sense of values that can potentially lead to life-altering decisions.
Many teens use shortened versions of their name or aliases for finsta accounts, which they often see as an opportunity to share a less edited, less filtered version of their lives, Thet might spend a lot of time trying to capture the perfect integeal photo for the "rinsta" which reaches a wider general audience, while a finsta might reveal, as one high school sophomore girls declare, "my innermost thoughts." Like the teens in the harvard facebook group chat, those using finsta accounts can have a false sense of confidence to say and do