Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that hest fits each of the numbered blanks.

(25) _______ in the past scientists have looked at things such as diet and lifestyle for

an explanation of long life, these days they are investigating genetics. One such researcher is Eric Topol, who says, “There must be genes that explain why these individuals are protected from the aging (26) _______.” 

The new research into long life looks at groups of people who have a genetic connection. For example, one group of interest lives in Ecuador. In one area of the country there are a number of people with the same (27) _______ condition. it's called Laron syndrome. The condition mea ns that they don't grow to more than about one metre, but it also seems to give them protection (28) _______ cancer and diabetes. As a result, they live longer than other people in their families. Meanwhile, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, there’s another group of long-lived men, japanese-Americans. They have a similar gene to the Laron syndrome group.

Back in Calabria, scientists are trying to work out exactly how much of the longevity is due to genetics and how much to environment. By checking public records going back to the 19th century, researchers have reconstructed the family trees of 202 nonagenarians and centenarians. They (29) _______ that there were genetic factors involved.

(Source: http://www.rwilfe.com/long-ruld-healthy-life-0)

Điền vào số 26

A. method

B. way

C. process

D. measure

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that hest fits each of the numbered blanks.

(25) _______ in the past scientists have looked at things such as diet and lifestyle for

an explanation of long life, these days they are investigating genetics. One such researcher is Eric Topol, who says, “There must be genes that explain why these individuals are protected from the aging (26) _______.” 

The new research into long life looks at groups of people who have a genetic connection. For example, one group of interest lives in Ecuador. In one area of the country there are a number of people with the same (27) _______ condition. it's called Laron syndrome. The condition mea ns that they don't grow to more than about one metre, but it also seems to give them protection (28) _______ cancer and diabetes. As a result, they live longer than other people in their families. Meanwhile, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, there’s another group of long-lived men, japanese-Americans. They have a similar gene to the Laron syndrome group.

Back in Calabria, scientists are trying to work out exactly how much of the longevity is due to genetics and how much to environment. By checking public records going back to the 19th century, researchers have reconstructed the family trees of 202 nonagenarians and centenarians. They (29) _______ that there were genetic factors involved.

(Source: http://www.rwilfe.com/long-ruld-healthy-life-0)

Điền vào số 27

A. genetic

B. genes

C. genetics

D. gene

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that hest fits each of the numbered blanks.

(25) _______ in the past scientists have looked at things such as diet and lifestyle for

an explanation of long life, these days they are investigating genetics. One such researcher is Eric Topol, who says, “There must be genes that explain why these individuals are protected from the aging (26) _______.” 

The new research into long life looks at groups of people who have a genetic connection. For example, one group of interest lives in Ecuador. In one area of the country there are a number of people with the same (27) _______ condition. it's called Laron syndrome. The condition mea ns that they don't grow to more than about one metre, but it also seems to give them protection (28) _______ cancer and diabetes. As a result, they live longer than other people in their families. Meanwhile, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, there’s another group of long-lived men, japanese-Americans. They have a similar gene to the Laron syndrome group.

Back in Calabria, scientists are trying to work out exactly how much of the longevity is due to genetics and how much to environment. By checking public records going back to the 19th century, researchers have reconstructed the family trees of 202 nonagenarians and centenarians. They (29) _______ that there were genetic factors involved.

(Source: http://www.rwilfe.com/long-ruld-healthy-life-0)

Điền vào số 25

A. While

B. if

C. When

D. Unless

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that hest fits each of the numbered blanks.

(25) _______ in the past scientists have looked at things such as diet and lifestyle for

an explanation of long life, these days they are investigating genetics. One such researcher is Eric Topol, who says, “There must be genes that explain why these individuals are protected from the aging (26) _______.” 

The new research into long life looks at groups of people who have a genetic connection. For example, one group of interest lives in Ecuador. In one area of the country there are a number of people with the same (27) _______ condition. it's called Laron syndrome. The condition mea ns that they don't grow to more than about one metre, but it also seems to give them protection (28) _______ cancer and diabetes. As a result, they live longer than other people in their families. Meanwhile, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, there’s another group of long-lived men, japanese-Americans. They have a similar gene to the Laron syndrome group.

Back in Calabria, scientists are trying to work out exactly how much of the longevity is due to genetics and how much to environment. By checking public records going back to the 19th century, researchers have reconstructed the family trees of 202 nonagenarians and centenarians. They (29) _______ that there were genetic factors involved.

(Source: http://www.rwilfe.com/long-ruld-healthy-life-0)

Điền vào số 29

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that hest fits each of the numbered blanks.

(25) _______ in the past scientists have looked at things such as diet and lifestyle for

an explanation of long life, these days they are investigating genetics. One such researcher is Eric Topol, who says, “There must be genes that explain why these individuals are protected from the aging (26) _______.” 

The new research into long life looks at groups of people who have a genetic connection. For example, one group of interest lives in Ecuador. In one area of the country there are a number of people with the same (27) _______ condition. it's called Laron syndrome. The condition mea ns that they don't grow to more than about one metre, but it also seems to give them protection (28) _______ cancer and diabetes. As a result, they live longer than other people in their families. Meanwhile, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, there’s another group of long-lived men, japanese-Americans. They have a similar gene to the Laron syndrome group.

Back in Calabria, scientists are trying to work out exactly how much of the longevity is due to genetics and how much to environment. By checking public records going back to the 19th century, researchers have reconstructed the family trees of 202 nonagenarians and centenarians. They (29) _______ that there were genetic factors involved.

(Source: http://www.rwilfe.com/long-ruld-healthy-life-0)

Điền vào số 29

A. precluded

B. excluded

C. included

D. concluded

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64

Genetics is the study of hereditary characteristics that are passed down from one generation of living organisms to another. Although farmers have used selective breeding to improve the resilience of crops and animals, it wasn't until the mid 1800s that Gregor Mendel started the science of genetics as we know it today. Following Mendel's methods, scientists have discovered "chromosomes" and "DNA". With the ability to study DNA, scientists were ableto study the genetic differences between races.

Modern genetics discovered that all humans are descendants of "Mitochondrial Eve," a woman who lived over 150,000 years ago in Africa. Since the first humans were born, over 75,000 generations have passed, and many subtle differences are now evident. Humans share at least 99% of their genetic makeup. A 1% difference may not seem like much, but when you consider that a chimpanzee shares 98% of human genes, you realize how much a 1% difference makes!

Africans are more closely related to Europeans than any other two groups, despite the fact that they differ so much in appearance. The biggest genetic differences are found between Africans and the native populations of NorthAmerica (22%). However, it is essential to note that the genetic differences between people of the same race are much greater than the differences between people of different races. This means that the argument which claims that genetic differences make one race superior to another is nothing but a tall story.

The differences in various populations may also be the result of circumstances rather than genetic makeup. Factors such as climate, diet, health care, education, and employment as well as other socioeconomic factors are all influential. However, there are some traits which are genetic; for example, there is a much higher incidence of sickle-cell anemia among black populations than any other population group. Adult African-Americans and Latinos have twice as many cases of diabetes than Caucasians. In the U.S., Latinos suffer more deaths from liver disease than other races. Europeans suffer more from heart disease and cancer.

Genes not only affect our susceptibility to disease, they also affect our physical attributes. The Dinka people from the Sudan are considered to be the tallest people with men having an average height of 6ft 3in., while women hit the big time with an impressive 5ft 3in. This contrasts sharply with the Pygmy tribes who get the short end of the stick at only about 4ft 11in.tall. Genetic differences may help us to tailor health services to people of different races or to detect life threatening diseases early. However, they are not significant enough to support the claim that one race is superior toanother. In fact, our modern scientific understanding of human genetic diversity flies in the face of almost all our social stereotypes

What does the word “ they” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Africans 

B.Europeans 

C. groups 

D. Africans and European

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64

Genetics is the study of hereditary characteristics that are passed down from one generation of living organisms to another. Although farmers have used selective breeding to improve the resilience of crops and animals, it wasn't until the mid 1800s that Gregor Mendel started the science of genetics as we know it today. Following Mendel's methods, scientists have discovered "chromosomes" and "DNA". With the ability to study DNA, scientists were ableto study the genetic differences between races.

Modern genetics discovered that all humans are descendants of "Mitochondrial Eve," a woman who lived over 150,000 years ago in Africa. Since the first humans were born, over 75,000 generations have passed, and many subtle differences are now evident. Humans share at least 99% of their genetic makeup. A 1% difference may not seem like much, but when you consider that a chimpanzee shares 98% of human genes, you realize how much a 1% difference makes!

Africans are more closely related to Europeans than any other two groups, despite the fact that they differ so much in appearance. The biggest genetic differences are found between Africans and the native populations of NorthAmerica (22%). However, it is essential to note that the genetic differences between people of the same race are much greater than the differences between people of different races. This means that the argument which claims that genetic differences make one race superior to another is nothing but a tall story.

The differences in various populations may also be the result of circumstances rather than genetic makeup. Factors such as climate, diet, health care, education, and employment as well as other socioeconomic factors are all influential. However, there are some traits which are genetic; for example, there is a much higher incidence of sickle-cell anemia among black populations than any other population group. Adult African-Americans and Latinos have twice as many cases of diabetes than Caucasians. In the U.S., Latinos suffer more deaths from liver disease than other races. Europeans suffer more from heart disease and cancer.

Genes not only affect our susceptibility to disease, they also affect our physical attributes. The Dinka people from the Sudan are considered to be the tallest people with men having an average height of 6ft 3in., while women hit the big time with an impressive 5ft 3in. This contrasts sharply with the Pygmy tribes who get the short end of the stick at only about 4ft 11in.tall. Genetic differences may help us to tailor health services to people of different races or to detect life threatening diseases early. However, they are not significant enough to support the claim that one race is superior toanother. In fact, our modern scientific understanding of human genetic diversity flies in the face of almost all our social stereotypes

What does the phrase “ a tall story” mean?

A. exaggeration 

B. something difficult to believe

C. something cynical 

D. something untrue

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64

Genetics is the study of hereditary characteristics that are passed down from one generation of living organisms to another. Although farmers have used selective breeding to improve the resilience of crops and animals, it wasn't until the mid 1800s that Gregor Mendel started the science of genetics as we know it today. Following Mendel's methods, scientists have discovered "chromosomes" and "DNA". With the ability to study DNA, scientists were ableto study the genetic differences between races.

Modern genetics discovered that all humans are descendants of "Mitochondrial Eve," a woman who lived over 150,000 years ago in Africa. Since the first humans were born, over 75,000 generations have passed, and many subtle differences are now evident. Humans share at least 99% of their genetic makeup. A 1% difference may not seem like much, but when you consider that a chimpanzee shares 98% of human genes, you realize how much a 1% difference makes!

Africans are more closely related to Europeans than any other two groups, despite the fact that they differ so much in appearance. The biggest genetic differences are found between Africans and the native populations of NorthAmerica (22%). However, it is essential to note that the genetic differences between people of the same race are much greater than the differences between people of different races. This means that the argument which claims that genetic differences make one race superior to another is nothing but a tall story.

The differences in various populations may also be the result of circumstances rather than genetic makeup. Factors such as climate, diet, health care, education, and employment as well as other socioeconomic factors are all influential. However, there are some traits which are genetic; for example, there is a much higher incidence of sickle-cell anemia among black populations than any other population group. Adult African-Americans and Latinos have twice as many cases of diabetes than Caucasians. In the U.S., Latinos suffer more deaths from liver disease than other races. Europeans suffer more from heart disease and cancer.

Genes not only affect our susceptibility to disease, they also affect our physical attributes. The Dinka people from the Sudan are considered to be the tallest people with men having an average height of 6ft 3in., while women hit the big time with an impressive 5ft 3in. This contrasts sharply with the Pygmy tribes who get the short end of the stick at only about 4ft 11in.tall. Genetic differences may help us to tailor health services to people of different races or to detect life threatening diseases early. However, they are not significant enough to support the claim that one race is superior toanother. In fact, our modern scientific understanding of human genetic diversity flies in the face of almost all our social stereotypes

What is genetics?

A. The study of old people 

B. The study of muscles in your body

C. The study of inherited characteristics 

D. A kind of exercise

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64

Genetics is the study of hereditary characteristics that are passed down from one generation of living organisms to another. Although farmers have used selective breeding to improve the resilience of crops and animals, it wasn't until the mid 1800s that Gregor Mendel started the science of genetics as we know it today. Following Mendel's methods, scientists have discovered "chromosomes" and "DNA". With the ability to study DNA, scientists were ableto study the genetic differences between races.

Modern genetics discovered that all humans are descendants of "Mitochondrial Eve," a woman who lived over 150,000 years ago in Africa. Since the first humans were born, over 75,000 generations have passed, and many subtle differences are now evident. Humans share at least 99% of their genetic makeup. A 1% difference may not seem like much, but when you consider that a chimpanzee shares 98% of human genes, you realize how much a 1% difference makes!

Africans are more closely related to Europeans than any other two groups, despite the fact that they differ so much in appearance. The biggest genetic differences are found between Africans and the native populations of NorthAmerica (22%). However, it is essential to note that the genetic differences between people of the same race are much greater than the differences between people of different races. This means that the argument which claims that genetic differences make one race superior to another is nothing but a tall story.

The differences in various populations may also be the result of circumstances rather than genetic makeup. Factors such as climate, diet, health care, education, and employment as well as other socioeconomic factors are all influential. However, there are some traits which are genetic; for example, there is a much higher incidence of sickle-cell anemia among black populations than any other population group. Adult African-Americans and Latinos have twice as many cases of diabetes than Caucasians. In the U.S., Latinos suffer more deaths from liver disease than other races. Europeans suffer more from heart disease and cancer.

Genes not only affect our susceptibility to disease, they also affect our physical attributes. The Dinka people from the Sudan are considered to be the tallest people with men having an average height of 6ft 3in., while women hit the big time with an impressive 5ft 3in. This contrasts sharply with the Pygmy tribes who get the short end of the stick at only about 4ft 11in.tall. Genetic differences may help us to tailor health services to people of different races or to detect life threatening diseases early. However, they are not significant enough to support the claim that one race is superior toanother. In fact, our modern scientific understanding of human genetic diversity flies in the face of almost all our social stereotypes

Why do famers practise selective breeding?

A. To make animals and crops more resilient 

B. They only want to grow one crop

C. They want to increase the number of farmers 

D. To make crops tastier