Read the Learn this! box and complete the rules. Use the dialogue to help you. How many examples of this tense are there in the dialogue?

Find all the examples of the past simple and the present perfect in the article. Complete the rules in the Learn this! box below with present perfect or past simple. Then underline an example of each rule in the article.

LEARN THIS! Present perfect and past simple

a. We use ¹___________ to talk about a specific occasion in the past.

b. We use ²___________ to talk about a specific period of time that is still continuing.

c. We use ³___________ to say how long a situation has existed, often with for, since, or how long.

d. We use ⁴___________to talk about an event that has a strong connection with the present, often with just, already, or yet.

e. We use ⁵___________to talk about an experience at an unspecified time in the past, often with ever or never.

Complete the Learn this! box with the tenses below. Then underline an example of each of the rules (a-d) in the text in exercise 2.

past continuous       past perfect              past simple

Ex6: Put these following verbs into the correct tense ( Simple Present, Simple Future, Future continuous, Future Perfect, Present Perfect)

1. At this time next week, all of you (visit)........for you examination.

2. When you return with the car, I still (pack)........my suitcases.

3. This time next week I'll be on holiday. I probably (lie)........on a beautiful beach.

4. The leaves (fall).......from the trees when autumn comes.

5. By the end of autumn, most of the leaves (fall)......from the trees.

6. He (live)........in this city for exactly two years by next Monday.

7. The meeting (finish).......by the time we (get).......there.

8. By the end of the holiday, Tom (recover).......his strength.

9. By this time next year, you (forget).......all your present troubles.

10. There (be).....rain over the Mekong delta during the night.

11. The river (not begin)......to swell until some rain (fall).......

12. By next month, I (leave)........for India.

Complete the email. Use the present perfect continuous form where possible. If not, use the present perfect simple.

Hi Joel,

How are you? ¹________ you________ (enjoy) the holiday? This is our last week, isn't it? And I ²________ (not finish) that science project. In fact, to be honest, I ³ ________ (not start) it. I ⁴________ (spend) a lot of time with my neighbour, Seth. You ⁵________ (not meet) him, but he's really nice- and a great guitarist. We ⁶________ (play) the guitar a lot, and he 7________ (teach) me some new songs. ⁸________you ________(buy) a bass guitar yet? You ⁹________(talk) about it for months. Let's start a band!

See you back at school!

Maxwell

Read the Learn this! box. Complete the examples and rules. How many more examples of each tense can you find in the article?

Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the correct affirmative, negative or interrogative form of the present perfect continuous.

1 My eyes are sore. I ________ computer games for too long!

2 We ________for weeks so that we can pay for our next holiday.

3 I'm so happy you phoned. I ________ about you all day

4 I love the new sitcom on BBC1. ________ you ________it?

5 She recently bought a new bike, but she ________it much.

6 Maybe her phone is broken. She ________ my calls.

7 My hands are cold because we ________ a snowman.

8 I hope they enjoy the food. I ________  for hours!

Read the Learn this! box. Complete the rules (a-g) with the correct tenses: present simple or present continuous.

LEARN THIS! Present simple and continuous.

We use:

a. the _______________ for habits and routines.

b. the _______________for something happening now or about now.

c. the _______________for describing annoying behaviour (with always)

d. the _______________for a permanent situation or fact.

e. the _______________for timetables and schedules.

f. the _______________for future arrangements.

g. the _______________in future time clauses (starting with when, as soon as, after, if, etc.)