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Áp dụng tính chất \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+m}{b+m}\left(m\in N\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{10^{2019}-1}{10^{2020}-1}< \frac{10^{2019}-1+11}{10^{2020}-1+11}=\frac{10^{2019}+10}{10^{2020}+10}=\frac{10.\left(10^{2018}+1\right)}{10.\left(10^{2019}+1\right)}=\frac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2019}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{10^{2019}-1}{10^{2020}-1}< \frac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2019}+1}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{10^{2019}-1}{10^{2020}-1}\)
\(B=\frac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2019}+1}\)
Dễ thấy \(A< 1\)
Áp dụng kết quả bài trên nếu \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\)thì \(\frac{a+m}{b+m}>\frac{a}{b}\)với m>0
Vậy \(A=\frac{10^{2019}-1}{10^{2020}-1}< \frac{\left[10^{2019}-1\right]+11}{\left[10^{2020}-1\right]+11}=\frac{10^{2019}+10}{10^{2020}+10}\)
\(A< \frac{10\left[10^{2018}+1\right]}{10\left[10^{2019}+1\right]}=\frac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2019}+1}=B\)
Do đó : A<B
\(M=\frac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2019}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow10M=\frac{10\left(10^{2018}+1\right)}{10^{2019}+1}=\frac{10^{2019}+1+9}{10^{2019}+1}=1+\frac{9}{10^{2019}+1}\)
\(N=\frac{10^{2019}+1}{10^{2020}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow10N=\frac{10\left(10^{2019}+1\right)}{10^{2020}+1}=\frac{10^{2020}+1+9}{10^{2020}+1}=1+\frac{9}{10^{2020}+1}\)
Ta co: \(\frac{9}{10^{2019}+1}>\frac{9}{10^{2020}+1}\) ma \(1=1\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{9}{10^{2019}+1}>1+\frac{9}{10^{2020}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow10M>10N\)
\(\Rightarrow M>N\)
a) Ta có A = \(\frac{2^{2018}+1}{2^{2019}+1}\)
=> 2A = \(\frac{2^{2019}+2}{2^{2019}+1}=1+\frac{1}{2^{2019}+1}\)
Lại có B = \(\frac{2^{2017}+1}{2^{2018}+1}\)
=> 2B = \(\frac{2^{2018}+2}{2^{2018}+1}=\frac{2^{2018}+1+1}{2^{2018}+1}=1+\frac{1}{2^{2018}+1}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2^{2018}+1}>\frac{1}{2^{2019}+1}\Rightarrow1+\frac{1}{2^{2018}+1}>1+\frac{1}{2^{2019}+1}\Rightarrow2B>2A\Rightarrow B>A\)
ta có: M=10^2020 +1 / 10^2019 +1
=> M/10= 10^2020 +1 / 10( 10^2019 +1 )
= 10^2020+1/ 10^2020 +10
=> 10/A= 10^2020 +10/10^2020 +1
=(10^2020 +1) +9/ 10^2020+1
=10^2020+1 /10^2020+1 + 9/10^2020+1
=1+ 9/10^2020+1
ta lại có: N=10^2021 +1/10^2020 +1
=> N/10= 10^2021+1/ 10(10^2020+1)
= 10^2021+1 / 10^2021+10
=> 10/N=10^2021+10 / 10^2021+1
=(10^2021+1) +9/10^2021+1
=10^2021+1/10^2021+1 +9/10^2021+1
=1+ 9/10^2021+1
ta thấy: 10/M>10N
=>M<N
\(M=\dfrac{10^{2020}+1}{10^{2019}+1}=1-\dfrac{9}{10^{2019}+1}\)
\(N=\dfrac{10^{2021}+1}{10^{2020}+1}=1-\dfrac{9}{10^{2020}+1}\)
Ta có: \(10^{2019}+1< 10^{2020}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{10^{2019}+1}>\dfrac{9}{10^{2020}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{9}{10^{2019}+1}< -\dfrac{9}{10^{2020}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M< N\)