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Ta cố bdt \(|a|+|b|\ge|a+b|\), dễ dàng chứng mình bằng bình phương 2 vế. Dấu = sảy ra <=>IaI.IbI=a.b <=> a.b>=0
áp dụng vào từng câu
a)A=Ix+1I+Ix+2I+Ix+3I+I-x-4I+I-x-5I ( vì Ix+4I=I-x=4I, Ix+5I=I-x-5I
A>=I(x+1)+(-x-5)I+I(x+2)+(-x-4)I +Ix+3I=4+2+Ix+3I=6+Ix+3I>=6
Dấu bằng khi (x+1)(-x-5)>=0;(x+2)(-x-4)>=0;Ix+3I=0 =>x=-3
b) LÀm tương tự MinB=18
Dấu = khi (2x+1)(-2x-11)>=0;(2x+3)(-2x-9)>=0;(2x+5)(-2x-7)>=0 <=>-7/2<=x<=-5/2
\(a,\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{5}{2}=\frac{7}{2}x-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{5}{2}-\frac{7}{2}x=-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{7}{2}x+\frac{5}{2}=-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x+\frac{5}{2}=-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x=-\frac{13}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{13}{4}:(-3)=-\frac{13}{4}:\frac{-3}{1}=-\frac{13}{4}\cdot\frac{-1}{3}=\frac{13}{12}\)
\(b,\frac{2}{3}x-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}x-\frac{2}{5}-\frac{1}{2}x=-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}x-\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{2}{5}=-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{6}x-\frac{2}{5}=-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{6}x=\frac{1}{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{15}:\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{15}\cdot6=\frac{6}{15}=\frac{2}{5}\)
\(c,\frac{1}{3}x+\frac{2}{5}(x+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}x+\frac{2}{5}x+\frac{2}{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{11}{15}x=-\frac{2}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{6}{11}\)
d,e,f Tương tự
a) \(\left|x-7\right|+\left|x+5\right|=\left|7-x\right|+\left|x+5\right|\ge\left|7-x+x+5\right|=12\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(-5\le x\le7\)
b) Đặt \(\left|2x-1\right|=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
ta được \(t^2-3t+2=\left(t^2-2.\frac{3}{2}.x+\frac{9}{4}\right)-\frac{1}{4}=\left(t-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(t-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow t-\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow t=\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=\frac{3}{2}\)
<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=-\frac{3}{2}\\2x-1=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=-\frac{1}{2}\\2x=\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{4}\\x=\frac{5}{4}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy...........
a: \(=\dfrac{2x^4+x^3-5x^2-3x-3}{x^2-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^4-6x^2+x^3-3x+x^2-3}{x^2-3}\)
\(=2x^2+x+1\)
b: \(=\dfrac{x^5+x^2+x^3+1}{x^3+1}=x^2+1\)
c: \(=\dfrac{2x^3-x^2-x+6x^2-3x-3+2x+6}{2x^2-x-1}\)
\(=x+3+\dfrac{2x+6}{2x^2-x-1}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{3x^4-8x^3-10x^2+8x-5}{3x^2-2x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x^4-2x^3+x^2-6x^3+4x^2-2x-15x^2+10x-5}{3x^2-2x+1}\)
\(=x^2-2x-5\)
a) \(2x+\frac{3}{15}=\frac{7}{5}\)
=> \(2x=\frac{7}{5}-\frac{3}{15}=\frac{21}{15}-\frac{3}{15}=\frac{18}{15}\)
=> \(x=\frac{18}{15}:2=\frac{18}{15}\cdot\frac{1}{2}=\frac{9}{15}\cdot\frac{1}{1}=\frac{9}{15}\)
b) \(x-\frac{2}{9}=\frac{8}{3}\)
=> \(x=\frac{8}{3}+\frac{2}{9}\)
=> \(x=\frac{24}{9}+\frac{2}{9}=\frac{26}{9}\)
c) \(\frac{-8}{x}=\frac{-x}{18}\)
=> x(-x) = (-8).18
=> -x2 = -144
=> x2 = 144(bỏ dấu âm)
=> x = \(\pm\)12
d) \(\frac{2x+3}{6}=\frac{x-2}{5}\)
=> 5(2x + 3) = 6(x - 2)
=> 10x + 15 = 6x - 12
=> 10x + 15 - 6x + 12 = 0
=> 4x + 27 = 0
=> 4x = -27
=> x = -27/4
e) \(\frac{x+1}{22}=\frac{6}{x}\)
=> x(x + 1) = 132
=> x(x + 1) = 11.12
=> x = 11
f) \(\frac{2x-1}{2}=\frac{5}{x}\)
=> x(2x - 1) = 10
=> 2x2 - x = 10
=> 2x2 - x - 10 = 0
tới đây tự làm đi nhé
g) \(\frac{2x-1}{21}=\frac{3}{2x+1}\)
=> (2x - 1)(2x + 1) = 63
=> 4x2 - 1 = 63
=> 4x2 = 64
=> x2 = 16
=> x = \(\pm\)4
h) Tương tự
a) \(\frac{2x+3}{15}=\frac{7}{5}\Leftrightarrow10x+15=105\Leftrightarrow10x=90\Rightarrow x=9\)
b) \(\frac{x-2}{9}=\frac{8}{3}\Leftrightarrow3x-6=72\Leftrightarrow3x=78\Rightarrow x=26\)
c) \(\frac{-8}{x}=\frac{-x}{18}\Leftrightarrow x^2=144\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=12\\x=-12\end{cases}}\)
d) \(\frac{2x+3}{6}=\frac{x-2}{5}\Leftrightarrow10x+15=12x-12\Leftrightarrow2x=27\Rightarrow x=\frac{27}{2}\)
e) \(\frac{x+1}{22}=\frac{6}{x}\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-132=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-11\right)\left(x+12\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=11\\x=-12\end{cases}}\)
f) \(\frac{2x-1}{2}=\frac{5}{x}\Leftrightarrow2x^2-x-10=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x+5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
g) \(\frac{2x-1}{21}=\frac{3}{2x+1}\Leftrightarrow4x^2=64\Leftrightarrow x^2=16\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
h) \(\frac{10x+5}{6}=\frac{5}{x+1}\Leftrightarrow10x^2+15x-25=0\Leftrightarrow5\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\left|2x-1\right|+\left|2x-3\right|=\left|2x-1\right|+\left|3-2x\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left|2x-1\right|+\left|3-2x\right|\ge\left|2x-1+3-2x\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left|2x-1\right|+\left|3-2x\right|\ge\left|2\right|=2\)
dấu "="xảy ra khi \(\left(2x-1\right).\left(3-2x\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\)
vậy min A=2 khi \(\frac{1}{2}\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\)