1) \(\left(-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x\right):\left(-3\dfrac{3}{5}\right)=\dfrac{-7}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}:\dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x\right):\left(-3\dfrac{3}{5}\right)=\dfrac{-7}{4}+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x\right):\left(-3\dfrac{3}{5}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x=\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(-3\dfrac{3}{5}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x=\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(-\dfrac{18}{5}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-1\dfrac{1}{5}+x=-\dfrac{9}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\left(-\dfrac{9}{10}\right)-\left(-1\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{10}\)

\(a,\left(19x+2.5^2\right):14=\left(13-8\right)^2-4^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(19x+50\right):14=5^2-4^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(19x+50\right):14=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow19x+50=126\)

\(\Leftrightarrow19x=76\Leftrightarrow x=4\)

b) x + ( x + 1 ) + ( x + 2 ) + ... + ( x + 30 ) = 1240

x + x + 1 + x + 2 + ... + x + 30 = 1240

( x + x + ... + x ) + ( 1 + 2 + ... + 30 ) = 1240

Số số hạng là : ( 30 - 1 ) : 1 + 1 = 30 ( số )

Tổng là : ( 30 + 1 ) . 30 : 2 = 465

=> 31x + 465 = 1240

=> 31x = 775

=> x = 25

Vậy........

a)

\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {9x - {2^3}} \right):5 = 2\\9x - {2^3} = 2.5\\9x - 8 = 10\\9x = 18\\x = 2\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = 2\)

b)

\(\begin{array}{l}\left[ {{3^4} - \left( {{8^2} + 14} \right):13} \right]x = {5^3} + {10^2}\\\left[ {81 - \left( {64 + 14} \right):13} \right]x = 125 + 100\\\left[ {81 - 78:13} \right]x = 125 + 100\\\left[ {81 - 6} \right]x = 225\\75x = 225\\x = 3\end{array}\)

Vậy \(x = 3\)