12x - 10x + 54 = 86
\(\Rightarrow\)12x - 10x = 86 - 54
\(\Rightarrow\)2x = 32 
\(\Rightarrow\)x = 32 : 2
\(\Rightarrow\) x= 16
 

12x-10x+54=86

=(12-10)x+54=86

(12-10)x      =32

     2x            =32

       x            =32chia2

       x            =16

a)x=5

\(\left(3x-15\right)^7=0\Rightarrow3x-15=0\)

\(\Rightarrow3x=15\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5\)

\(4^2.x-6=1\Rightarrow16.x=7\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{7}{16}\)

\(\dfrac{11}{8}:x-\dfrac{2}{5}+-\dfrac{1}{6}=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\ =>\dfrac{11}{8}:x-\dfrac{2}{5}=-\dfrac{1}{5}-\left(-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\\ =>\dfrac{11}{8}:x-\dfrac{2}{5}=-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}\\ =>\dfrac{11}{8}:x-\dfrac{2}{5}=-\dfrac{6}{30}+\dfrac{5}{30}\\ =>\dfrac{11}{8}:x-\dfrac{2}{5}=-\dfrac{1}{30}\\ =>\dfrac{11}{8}:x=-\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{2}{5}\\ =>\dfrac{11}{8}:x=-\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{12}{30}\\ =>\dfrac{11}{8}:x=\dfrac{11}{30}\\ =>x=\dfrac{11}{8}:\dfrac{11}{30}\\ =>x=\dfrac{11}{8}.\dfrac{30}{11}\\ =>x=\dfrac{30}{8}\\ =>x=\dfrac{15}{4}\\ \dfrac{4}{7}x-\dfrac{1}{3}x+\left(-\dfrac{16}{21}\right)=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\ =>\left(\dfrac{4}{7}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)x=-\dfrac{2}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{16}{21}\right)\\ =>\left(\dfrac{12}{21}-\dfrac{7}{21}\right)x=-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{16}{21}\\ =>\dfrac{5}{21}x=-\dfrac{14}{21}+\dfrac{16}{21}\\ =>\dfrac{5}{21}x=\dfrac{2}{21}\\ =>x=\dfrac{2}{21}:\dfrac{5}{21}\)

\(=>x=\dfrac{2}{21}.\dfrac{21}{5}\\ =>x=\dfrac{2}{5}\\ -\dfrac{11}{12}x+\dfrac{15}{2}\left(x+-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)=\dfrac{67}{8}\\ =>-\dfrac{11}{12}x+\dfrac{15}{2}.x-\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{67}{8}\\ =>\left(-\dfrac{11}{12}+\dfrac{15}{2}\right)x=\dfrac{67}{8}+\dfrac{1}{5}\\ =>\left(-\dfrac{11}{12}+\dfrac{90}{12}\right)x=\dfrac{335}{40}+\dfrac{8}{40}\\ =>\dfrac{79}{12}x=\dfrac{343}{40}\\ =>x=\dfrac{343}{40}:\dfrac{79}{12}\\ =>x=\dfrac{343}{40}.\dfrac{12}{79}\\ =>x=\dfrac{343.12}{40.79}\\ =>x=\dfrac{343.3}{10.79}\\ =>x=\dfrac{1029}{790}\)

a) 5.2² + (x + 3) = 5²

5.4 + x + 3 = 25

20 + x + 3 = 25

x + 23 = 25

x = 25 - 23

x = 2

b) 2³ + (x - 3²) = 5³ - 4³

8 + (x - 9) = 125 - 64

8 + x - 9 = 61

x - 1 = 61

x = 61 + 1

x = 62

c) 4.(x - 5) - 2³ = 2⁴.3

4x - 20 - 8 = 16.3

4x - 28 = 48

4x = 48 + 28

4x = 76

x = 76 : 4

x = 19

d) 5.(x + 7) - 10 = 2³.5

5x + 35 - 10 = 8.5

5x + 25 = 40

5x = 40 - 25

5x = 15

x = 15 : 5

x = 3

e) 7² - 7.(13 - x) = 14

49 - 91 + 7x = 14

7x - 42 = 14

7x = 14 + 42

7x = 56

x = 56 : 7

x = 8

a) \(5\cdot2^2+\left(x+3\right)=5^2\)

\(\Rightarrow x+3=5^2-5\cdot2^2\)

\(\Rightarrow x+3=25-5\cdot4\)

\(\Rightarrow x+3=5\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5-3\)

\(\Rightarrow x=2\)

b) \(2^3+\left(x-3^2\right)=5^3-4^3\)

\(\Rightarrow8+\left(x-9\right)=125-64\)

\(\Rightarrow8+x-9=61\)

\(\Rightarrow x-1=61\)

\(\Rightarrow x=61+1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=62\)

c) \(4\left(x-5\right)-2^3=2^4\cdot3\)

\(\Rightarrow4\left(x-5\right)=2^4\cdot3+2^3\)

\(\Rightarrow4\cdot\left(x-5\right)=16\cdot3+8\)

\(\Rightarrow4\cdot\left(x-5\right)=56\)

\(\Rightarrow x-5=56:4\)

\(\Rightarrow x-5=14\)

\(\Rightarrow x=19\)

d) \(5\left(x+7\right)-10=2^3\cdot5\)

\(\Rightarrow5\left(x+7\right)=8\cdot5+10\)

\(\Rightarrow5\left(x+7\right)=40+10\)

\(\Rightarrow5\left(x+7\right)=50\)

\(\Rightarrow x+7=10\)

\(\Rightarrow x=10-7\)

\(\Rightarrow x=3\)

e) \(7^2-7\left(13-x\right)=14\)

\(\Rightarrow7\left(13-x\right)=7^2-14\)

\(\Rightarrow7\left(13-x\right)=49-14\)

\(\Rightarrow7\left(13-x\right)=35\)

\(\Rightarrow13-x=5\)

\(\Rightarrow x=13-5\)

\(\Rightarrow x=8\)

f) \(5x-5^2=10\)

\(\Rightarrow5x=10+5^2\)

\(\Rightarrow5x=10+25\)

\(\Rightarrow5x=35\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{35}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=7\)

g) \(9x-2\cdot3^2=3^4\)

\(\Rightarrow9x=3^4+2\cdot3^2\)

\(\Rightarrow9x=81+2\cdot9\)

\(\Rightarrow9x=99\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{99}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=11\)

h) \(10x+2^2\cdot5=10^2\)

\(\Rightarrow10x=10^2-2^2\cdot5\)

\(\Rightarrow10x=100-4\cdot5\)

\(\Rightarrow10x=80\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{80}{10}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=8\)

i) \(125-5\left(4+x\right)=15\)

\(\Rightarrow5\left(4+x\right)=125-5\)

\(\Rightarrow5\left(4+x\right)=120\)

\(\Rightarrow4+x=\dfrac{120}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow4+x=24\)

\(\Rightarrow x=24-4\)

\(\Rightarrow x=20\)

j) \(2^6+\left(5+x\right)=3^4\)

\(\Rightarrow5+x=3^4-2^6\)

\(\Rightarrow5+x=81-64\)

\(\Rightarrow5+x=17\)

\(\Rightarrow x=17-5\)

\(\Rightarrow x=12\)

\(\dfrac{4}{x}=\dfrac{y}{21}=\dfrac{28}{49}=\dfrac{28:7}{49:7}=\dfrac{4}{9}\\ Vậy:x=\dfrac{4.9}{4}=9\\ y=\dfrac{4.21}{9}=\dfrac{28}{3}\)

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{3}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow x.y=2.3=6\\ Vậy:\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;6\right)=\left(6;1\right)\\\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;3\right)=\left(3;2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\frac{1.5.18+2.10.36+3.15.54}{1.3.9+2.6.18+3.9.27}=\frac{1.5.18.\left(1+2.2.2+3.3.3\right)}{1.3.9.\left(1+2.2.2+3.3.3\right)}\)

\(=\frac{1.5.18}{1.3.9}=\frac{10}{3}\)