\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m=27a+56b=19.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H^+}=0.2\cdot2+0.2\cdot2.25\cdot2=1.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6H^+\rightarrow2Al^{3+}+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2H^+\rightarrow Fe^{2+}+H_2\)

\(n_{H^+}=3a+2b=1.3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.3,b=0.2\)

\(\%Al=\dfrac{0.3\cdot27}{19.3}\cdot100\%=41.96\%\)

\(\%Fe=58.04\%\)

\(b.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H^+}=0.65\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn khối lượng : 

\(m_{Muối}=19.3+0.4\cdot36.5+0.45\cdot98-0.65\cdot2=76.7\left(g\right)\)

anh ơi có cách nào ngoài sử dụng pt ion không vậy ạ?

3

\(n_{HCl}=2.0,4=0,8(mol)\\ n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56x+27y=11(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow 2x+3y=0,8(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\)

\(a,\Sigma n_{H_2}=x+1,5y=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)\\ b,m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6(g);m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4(g)\\ c,m_{dd_{HCl}}=400.1,12=448(g)\\ n_{FeCl_2}=0,1(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{5,6+448-0,1.2}.100\%=2,8\%\\ C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{5,4+448-0,3.2}.100\%=5,9\%\)

a)

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$FeO + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2O$

b)

Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)$
$m_{FeO} = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6(gam)$

$n_{FeO} =0,05(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} + 2n_{FeO} = 0,4(mol)$

$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,4}{2} = 0,2(lít)$

c) $Fe + CuSO_4 \to FeSO_4 + Cu$

$n_{Cu} = n_{Fe} = 0,15(mol) \Rightarrow m_{chất\ rắn} = m_{FeO} + m_{Cu}$

$= 3,6 + 0,15.64 = 13,2(gam)$

a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

                   a_____2a______a_____a      (mol)

                \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

                    b_____3b_______b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b         (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=36,1\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{21,28}{22,4}=0,95\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,5\cdot56=28\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=8,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b+c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2a+3b=1,9\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,9}{0,2}=9,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

              a_______a_______a_____a    (mol)

            \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

                2b______3b__________b_____3b    (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27\cdot2b=11\\a+3b=0,2\cdot2=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{11}\cdot100\%\approx50,91\%\\\%m_{Al}=49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,4\cdot22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

a) nH2SO4=0,4(mol)

Đặt: nFe=x(mol); nAl=y(mol) (x,y>0)

PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2

x________x______x______x(mol)

2Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2

y____1,5y_______0,5y_______1,5y(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g)

=>%mFe=(5,6/11).100=50,909%

=>%mAl= 49,091%

b) V(H2,đktc)=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)

c) nAl2(SO4)3= 0,5y=0,5.0,2=0,1(mol)

nFeSO4=x=0,1(mol)

Vddsau=VddH2SO4=0,2(l)

=>CMddAl2(SO4)3= 0,1/0,2=0,5(M)

CMddFeSO4=0,1/0,2=0,5(M)

Gọi x,y,z lần lượt là số mol của Al,Mg,Zn

PT: 

2Al + 6HCl--->2AlCl3 + 3H2

x-------3x----------------------1,5x   mol

Mg + 2HCl--->MgCl2 + H2

y-----2y----------------------y    mol

Zn + 2HCl--->ZnCl2 + H2

z----2z--------------------z      mol

b.

Số mol H2: nH2=16,352/22,4=0,73 mol

1,5x+y+z=0,73

27x = 24y =>x=8y/9

=>7y/3 +z =0,73 (*)

27x + 24y + 65z=19,6

27x = 24y

=> 48y + 65z =19,6 (**)

Từ (*),(**)

=>y=0,27 => mMg =6,48 g

z=0,1=>mZn = 6,5 g

x=0,24=>mAl =6,48g

c.

nHCl =2nH2

=>nHCl =2.0,73=1,46 mol

=>V dd=1,46/2=0,73(l)