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Bài 1:
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ NaOH dư
b) Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=m_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=40+60=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}pư=2n_{CuSO_4}=2\times0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}dư=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Bài 2:
ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓ (1)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\times1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\times1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{9}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{9}{2}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ ZnCl2 dư
a) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=300+100=400\left(ml\right)=0,4\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}pư=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{ZnCl_2}dư=0,45-0,05=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}dư=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
b) Zn(OH)2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) ZnO + H2O (2)
Theo pT1: \(n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT2: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,05\times81=4,05\left(g\right)\)
c) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O (3)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,1\times36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{25\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
a) $CuSO_4 + 2NaOH \to Cu(OH)_2 + Na_2SO_4$
b) $n_{Cu(OH)_2} = n_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{16}{160} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Cu(OH)_2} = 0,1.98 = 9,8(gam)$
c) $n_{NaOH} = 2n_{CuSO_4} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,1} = 2M$
PTHH: \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\\m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot98=9,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,PTHH:CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2KCl\\ n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{27}{135}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH}=2n_{CuCl_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2M\\ b,PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow^{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\)
a, 4,48g
b,
Giải thích các bước giải:
mddCuSO4 = 200 . 1,12 = 224g
→ mCuSO4 = 224 . 10% = 22,4g
→ nCuSO4 = 22,4 : 160 = 0,14mol
nFe = 3,92 : 56 = 0,07 mol
Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu
nFe < nCuSO4 → Fe phản ứng hết, CuSO4 dư
nCu = nFe = 0,07 mol
→ mCu = 0,07 . 64 = 4,48g
Sau phản ứng thu được dung dịch gồm:
FeSO4: nFeSO4 = nFe = 0,07 mol
CuSO4 dư: nCuSO4 p.ứ = nFe = 0,07 mol → nCuSO4 dư = 0,14 - 0,07 = 0,07 mol
a, 4,48g
b,
Giải thích các bước giải:
mddCuSO4 = 200 . 1,12 = 224g
→ mCuSO4 = 224 . 10% = 22,4g
→ nCuSO4 = 22,4 : 160 = 0,14mol
nFe = 3,92 : 56 = 0,07 mol
Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu
nFe < nCuSO4 → Fe phản ứng hết, CuSO4 dư
nCu = nFe = 0,07 mol
→ mCu = 0,07 . 64 = 4,48g
Sau phản ứng thu được dung dịch gồm:
FeSO4: nFeSO4 = nFe = 0,07 mol
CuSO4 dư: nCuSO4 p.ứ = nFe = 0,07 mol → nCuSO4 dư = 0,14 - 0,07 = 0,07 mol
nZnCl2 =40,8/136=0,3mol
nNaOH= 0,1.0,5=0,05mol
a)
pt : ZnCl2 + 2NaOH ------> Zn(OH)2\(\downarrow\) + 2NaCl
ncó: 0,3 0,05
n pứ: 0,025<------0,05-------->0,025-------->0,05
n dư: 0,275 0
b)
mZnCl2 dư = 0,275.136=37,4g
mNaCl=0,05.58,5=2,925g
c)
pt : Zn(OH)2 ---to--> ZnO + H2O
n pứ : 0,025------------>0,025
mZnO=0,025.81=2,025g
d)
vdd sau pứ =Vdd NaOH =0,1l
CM(ZnCl2 dư )=0,025/0,1=0,25M
CM(NaOH)=0,05/0,1= 0,5M
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
theo bài: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ NaOH dư
b) Theo pT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=40+60=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}pư=2n_{CuSO_4}=2\times0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH \(\rightarrow\) Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
b) \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
CuSO4 + 2NaOH \(\rightarrow\) Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
=> NaOH dư, CuSO4 hết
=> \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) 40ml = 0,04 lít; 60ml = 0,06 lít
=> Vdd sau phản ứng là: 0,04 + 0,06 = 0,1 lít
Lại có: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\),\(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> CM của Na2SO4 là:\(\dfrac{n}{V}=\) \(\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
CM của Cu(OH)2 là: \(\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)