Vietnam is a multiethnic country with 54 ethnic groups. The Viet (Kinh) people account for 87% of the country’s population and mainly inhabit the Red River delta, the central coastal delta, the Mekong delta and major cities. The other 53 ethnic minority groups, totaling over 8 million people, are scattered over mountain areas spreading from the North to the South. Among ethnic minorities, the most populated are Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer, Nung... with a population of around 1 million each; while the least populated are Brau, Roman, Odu with several hundred people each.

            The main economic activity of most ethnic peoples is wet rice cultivation. A number of ethnic minorities had mastered some farming techniques. They grew rice plants in swamped paddy fields and carried out irrigation. Others go hunting, fishing, collecting and live a semi-nomadic life. Each group has its own culture that is diverse and special. Beliefs and religions of the Vietnamese ethnic minority groups are also disparate from each other.

Are these sentences True (T) or False (F)?

1.___ _T___ Ethnic minorities account for 13% of the country’s population.

2.____ _f__ Most of ethnic minorities live in the Northern mountainous regions.

Answer the questions

1. How many ethnic groups are there in Vietnam? There are 54 of them

2. Which ethnic groups have the smallest population? …  Brau, Roman, Odu have the smallest population among the ethnic groups………………………………..……..…………………………

3. What do most ethnic peoples mainly live on? …………………………………………..………………………..

4. Do the ethnic minority groups have different culture, religion and belief? ………………………………………………………………………………

Vietnam is a multiethnic country with 54 ethnic groups. The Viet (Kinh) people account for 87% of the country’s population and mainly inhabit the Red River delta, the central coastal delta, the Mekong delta and major cities. The other 53 ethnic minority groups, totaling over 8 million people, are scattered over mountain areas spreading from the North to the South. Among ethnic minorities, the most populated are Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer, Nung... with a population of around 1 million each; while the least populated are Brau, Roman, Odu with several hundred people each.

            The main economic activity of most ethnic peoples is wet rice cultivation. A number of ethnic minorities had mastered some farming techniques. They grew rice plants in swamped paddy fields and carried out irrigation. Others go hunting, fishing, collecting and live a semi-nomadic life. Each group has its own culture that is diverse and special. Beliefs and religions of the Vietnamese ethnic minority groups are also disparate from each other.

Are these sentences True (T) or False (F)?

1.___ _T___ Ethnic minorities account for 13% of the country’s population.

2.____ _f__ Most of ethnic minorities live in the Northern mountainous regions.

Answer the questions

1. How many ethnic groups are there in Vietnam? There are 54 of them

2. Which ethnic groups have the smallest population? …  Brau, Roman, Odu have the smallest population among the ethnic groups………………………………..……..…………………………

3. What do most ethnic peoples mainly live on? …………………………………………..………………………..

4. Do the ethnic minority groups have different culture, religion and belief? ………………………………………………………………………………

Vietnam is a multi – nationality country with 54 ethnic groups. The Viet (Kinh) people account for 87% of the country’s population and mainly inhabit the Red River delta, the central coastal delta, the Mekong delta and major cities. The other 53 ethnic minority groups, totaling over 8 million people, are scattered over mountain areas (covering two – thirds of the country’s territory) spreading from the North to the South.

Among ethnic minorities, the most populated are Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer, Nung… with a population of around 1 million each, while the least populated are Brau, Roman, Odu with several hundred people each.

A number of ethnic minorities had mastered some farming techniques. They grew rice plants in swamped paddy fields and carried out irrigation. Others went hunting, fishing, collecting and lived a semi-nomadic life. Each group has its own culture, diverse and special. Beliefs and religions of the Vietnamese ethnic minority groups were also disparate from each other.

A. Read the passage, then write TRUE or FALSE: (1 point)    

21. Vietnam is a multi-nationality country Because it has 54 nationalities.   

22. Many minor ethnic peoples were good at hunting and fishing.   

23. The least populated are Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer.    

24. Ethnic minority groups account for 87% of the country’s population. 

Ethnic Groups

Vietnam is a multi – nationality country with 54 ethnic groups. The Viet (Kinh) people account for 87% of the country’s population and mainly inhabit the Red River delta, the central coastal delta, the Mekong delta and major cities. The other 53 ethnic minority groups, totaling over 8 million people, are scattered over mountain areas (covering two – thirds of the country’s territory) spreading from the North to the South.

Among ethnic minorities, the most populated are Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer, Nung… with a population of around 1 million each, while the least populated are Brau, Roman, Odu with several hundred people each.

A number of ethnic minorities had mastered some farming techniques. They grew rice plants in swamped paddy fields and carried out irrigation. Others went hunting, fishing, collecting and lived a semi-nomadic life. Each group has its own culture, diverse and special. Beliefs and religions of the Vietnamese ethnic minority groups were also disparate from each other.

Câu 1. Why Vietnam is a multi-nationality country?

A. Because there are 54 nationalities in Vietnam.

B. Because the Kinh is the most major ethnic group in Vietnam.

C. Because there are many people in Vietnam.

D. Because there are 54 peoples in Vietnam.

Câu 2. Who is the most populated people in Vietnam?

A. The Kinh B. The Thai C.The Tay D. The Khmer

Câu 3. Where do ethnic minority groups mainly live?

A. In lowland areas

B. In major cities

C. In mountainous

D. In the Mekong delta

Câu 4. Which of the following statements is true of minor ethnic peoples?

A. They account for 87% of the country’s population.

B. Many were good at farming methods.

C. The least populated are Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer.

D. All groups have the same culture

I, Make the questions from the underlines words or phrases (điền vào dấu chấm sao cho đúng)

1. Vietnam has 54 ethnic groups

-...........................................?

2. Kinh people account for 87% of the country 's population

-.............................................?

3. The other minority groups mainly inhabit in mountain areas

-............................................?

4. Among ethnic minorities the most populated groups are Tay, Thai, Mung, Hoa, Khmer, Mung,...

-.............................................?

5. The Vietnamese government has issued specific policies and special treatments in order to enhance the living standards of mountainous people

-.............................................?

6. People should make great effort to preserve traditional cultural identities of each ethnic minority group

-............................................?

1. Viet Nam is ______ (a/ an/ the) multicultural country with 54 ethnic groups.
2. Among the ethnic minorities, ______ (a/ an/ the) Tay have the largest population.
3. ______ (A/ An/ The) ethnic minority people in the village are very friendly.
4. The Lao are one of ______ (a/ an/ the) many Thai-speaking peoples.
5. The Lolo women’s dress is among ______ (a/ an/ the) most striking styles of clothing worn by ethnic peoples.
6. The Yao have ______ (a/ an/ the) rich culture of folk literature and art, with tales, songs, and poems.

1. Terraced rice fields in Sa Pa are slopes claimed for cultivation in hilly or ________ areas. (mountain)
2. For the Muong, rice is also the main _________ crop. (agriculture)
3. The Muong call their ___________ calendar “sach doi”, which is made from 12 bamboo sticks that represent the 12 months. (tradition)
4. Viet Nam is a country of tremendous ___________ with 54 ethnic groups. (diverse)
5. The ethnic minority groups in Viet Nam have been living in ______________ coexistence. (peace)
6. Everywhere in our country we can find elements of the (culture) ______________ values of different ethnic groups.
7. The Muong in Hoa Binh are well-known for the (rich) ______________ of their folk literature and traditional songs

The Mường is an ethnic group native to Vietnam; it is the country’s third (1)_____________ of 53 minority groups, with an estimated population of 1.26 million (based on the 2009 census and five years of population growth). The Muong people inhabit the (2)_____________region of northern Vietnam, concentrated in Hoa Binh Province and the mountainous districts of Thanh Hoa Province. They are most closely (3)_____________ to the ethnic Vietnamese (Kinh). The term "muong" of Thai

origin (4)_____________ "district, region". To emphasize their difference (5)_____________the inhabitants of the valleys and highlanders, Muong call themselves "monglong", which means "people living in the centre". While the Muong are believed to be related to the Vietnamese, ethnologists (6)_____________ theorized that the Muong and Kinh (ethnic Vietnamese) separation happened when the proto-Vietnamese became (7) _____________ Sinicised, beginning from the 111 BC invasion (8)

_____________ Chinese Han dynasty Emperor Wu Ti, while the Muong, living the mountains and developed independently. The Muong (9)_____________ the Tai have had a mutual influence on each other's culture, so today the Muong are ethnically and linguistically close to the Vietnamese, but culturally and socially (10)_____________to the Tai.

III.Choose the best answers:

1.The museum of Ethnology is a valuable centre for exhibition and preservation of the (cultural/ traditional/ costume) heritage of the 54 ethnic groups in the whole country.

2.I want to buy (a/ the/ this) most beautiful shawl for my mom.

3.The Thai are experienced farmers. They dig canals to bring (rice/ water/ cattle) to their fields.

4.The colours of sticky rice represent the elements of the (sun/ moon/ earth)

5.Many ethnic groups have their own (cultures/ traditions/ languages), and some even have written languages.

6.The Viet have the largest number , 53 others are called (ethnic majority peoples/ ethnic villages/ ethinic minority peoples)

7.Ethnic minority peoples in the northern mountainous regions often grow rice on (burnt – out land, pasture/ terraced fields)

8.People use (gac fruit/ turmeric extract/ leaves) to mike red sticky rice.

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