Cho a + b + c = 1; a + b \(\ne\)0; b + c \(\ne\)0; c + a \(\ne\)0. Tính: P = \(\frac{ab+c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\frac{bc+a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}.\frac{ca+b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
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\(a,\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0=>\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=0=>ab+bc+ac=0.abc=0\)
Mà \(a+b+c=1=>\left(a+b+c\right)^2=1=>a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac=1\)
\(=>a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=1=>a^2+b^2+c^2=1-0=1\) (vì ab+bc+ac=0)
\(b,S=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+1\right)+\left(\frac{b}{a+c}+1\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+1\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}-3=\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)-3\)
\(=2014.\frac{1}{2014}-3=1-3=-2\)
Vậy.....................
1. Ta có : \(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\); \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\). Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=9\)
\(9\le3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c = 1
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=7\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=49\)
1. Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Thị Hồng Nhung - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath
1)
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c}:\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c}.\frac{2}{1}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{c}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ab=ac+bc\) (1)
Lại có :
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(c-b\right)=b\left(a-c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac-ab=ab-bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ab=ac+bc\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) :
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)
Bài 1. Mình nghĩ đề bài của bạn nhầm ở chỗ dấu "\(\ge\)" , bạn sửa lại thành "\(\le\)" nhé ^^
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki : \(9=3\left(a+b+c\right)=\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2\le9\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\le3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\le a+b+c\) (vì a+b+c = 3)
Bài 2.
Để chứng minh bất đẳng thức trên ta biến đổi : \(a+b+c=1\Leftrightarrow a+1=\left(1-b\right)+\left(1-c\right)\)
Tương tự : \(b+1=\left(1-a\right)+\left(1-c\right)\) ; \(c+1=\left(1-a\right)+\left(1-b\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi, ta có : \(a+1=\left(1-b\right)+\left(1-c\right)\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự : \(b+1\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1-c\right)}\left(2\right)\) ; \(c+1\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Nhân (1), (2) , (3) theo vế : \(\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge8\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)^2\left(1-b\right)^2\left(1-c\right)^2}=8\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge8\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\) (đpcm)
\(P=\frac{ab+c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\frac{bc+a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}.\frac{ca+b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\frac{bc+a\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2}.\frac{ca+b\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2}.\frac{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(c+a\right)^2}=1\)