a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow27a+24b=1,26\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,12\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{Al}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{Mg}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,02\cdot27}{1,26}\cdot100\%\approx42,86\%\\\%m_{Mg}=57,14\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,02\cdot133,5=2,67\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,03\cdot95=2,85\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=40\cdot1,25=50\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,06\cdot2=0,12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=51,14\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2,67}{51,14}\cdot100\%\approx5,22\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{2,85}{51,14}\cdot100\%\approx5,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Các pt p.ư xảy ra theo thứ tự sau:

Mg + 2AgNO3 ---> Mg(NO3)2 + 2Ag (1)

Fe + 2AgNO3 --> Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag (2)

Fe + Cu(NO3)2 --> Fe(NO3)2 + Cu (3)

Dung dịch A gồm Mg(NO3)2 (0,15 mol), Fe(NO3)2 (0,1 mol) và Cu(NO3)2 (x mol) dư. Chất rắn B gồm Ag, Cu

Mg(NO3)2 + 2NaOH ---> Mg(OH)2 + 2NaNO3 (4)

Fe(NO3)2 + 2NaOH ---> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaNO3 (5)

Cu(NO3)2 + 2NaOH ---> Cu(OH)2 + 2NaNO3 (6)

Mg(OH)2 ---> MgO + H2O (7)

0,15              0,15 mol

Fe(OH)2 ---> FeO + H2O (8)

0,1               0,1

Cu(OH)2 ---> CuO + H2O (9)

0,06             0,06 mol

Số mol Mg = 3,6/24 = 0,15 mol; số mol Fe = 5,6/56 = 0,1 mol.

Số mol CuO = (18 - 40.0,15 - 72.0,1):80 = 0,06 mol = x (mol). Vì vậy, số mol Cu(NO3)2 đã phản ứng = a - 0,06 mol. Theo đề bài số mol Cu(NO3)2 = số mol AgNO3 = a (mol). Theo pt (1), (2) và (3) ta có:

Số mol Mg + Fe = a/2 + a - 0,06 = 0,25. Suy ra: a = 0,2067 mol.

Như vậy, m = 108.0,2067 + 64.(a-0,06) = 31,7 gam.

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

x            2x        x             x 

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

y          2y             y        y 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\24x+56y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,15;y=0,35\)

\(a,m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(b,m_{HCl}=\left(0,3+0,7\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{228}.100\%=16\%\)

\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\\ n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=23,2\\a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,15;b=0,35mol\\ m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6g\\ m_{Fe}=23,2-3,6=19,6g\\ b.m_{HCl}=\left(0,15+0,35\right).2.36,5=36,5g\\ m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{228}\cdot100=16,01\%\)

hoà tan 1,42g hh nhé, giúp mình

a, Vì Cu ko tác dụng vs ddH₂SO₄ loãng nên 12,8g kim loại ko tan là Cu

⇒ m_Fe + m_Al = 40,4 - 12,8 = 27,6 (g)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,8}{2}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      x          x                           x

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Mol:      y       1,5y                               1,5y

Ta có hệ pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=27,6\\x+1,5y=0,9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8.100\%}{40,4}=31,68\%\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3.56.100\%}{40,4}=41,58\%\)

\(\%m_{Al}=100\%-31,68\%-41,58\%=26,74\%\)

b, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,3+1,5.0,4\right).98=88,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{88,2.100\%}{10\%}=882\left(g\right)\)

c, \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{882}{1,4}=630\left(ml\right)\)

mn giúp mik vs:((

a) Gọi số mol Mg, Al, Fe trong m gam hỗn hợp là a, b, c (mol)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

_______a--------------------->a------->a_______(mol)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

_b-------------------->b------->1,5b___________(mol)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

_c------------------>c------->c_______________(mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+1,5b+c=0,35\left(1\right)\\95a+133,5b+127c=35,55\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác:

PTHH: \(Mg+Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgCl_2\)

_______a--------------->a_________(mol)

\(2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2AlCl_3\)

_b----------------->b______________(mol)

\(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)

_c------------------>c______________(mol)

=> 95a + 133,5b + 162,5 = 39,1 (3)

(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

=> m = 24.0,1 + 27.01 + 56.0,1 = 10,7(g)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=24.0,1=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=27.0,1=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=56.0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)