Gọi số mol Al, Fe là a, b (mol)

=> 27a + 56b = 11,1 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            a----------------------->1,5a

           Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

           b------------------------>b

=> 1,5a + b = 0,3 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,1; b = 0,15

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{11,1}.100\%=24,32\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{11,1}.100\%=75,68\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
Al + 3HCl -> AlCl3 + 3/2H2

b) Gọi a, b lần lượt là số mol Mg, Al.

nH2 = 5,6/22,4 = 0,25 (mol)

Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

a        2a            a          a
Al + 3HCl -> AlCl3 + 3/2H2

b           3b       b          3/2b

Ta có hệ pt: 

mhh = 24a + 27b = 5,1 (g)

nH2 = a + 3/2b = 0,25 (mol)

=> a = 0,1 (mol)

b = 0,1 (mol)

200 ml = 0,2 l

nHCl = 2a + 3b = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5 (mol)

=> CM ddHCl = 0,5/0,2 = 2,5 (M)

%mMg = 24a/5,1*100% = 2,4/5,1*100% = 47,06%

%mAl = 100%-47,06% = 52,94%

a/ Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl₂ + H₂

n_H2 = \(\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: n_H2 = n_Fe = 0,15 (mol) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=11-8,4=2,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{11}.100\%\approx76,4\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100-76,4\approx23,6\%\)

b/ Theo PTHH ta có: n_HCl = 2n_Fe = 2.0,15 = 0,3 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(M\right)\)

c/ m_HCl = 36,5 . 0,3 = 10,95(g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{m_{ddHCl}}.100\%=\dfrac{10,95}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)

a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{11}.100\%\approx76,36\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx23,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)

c, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)

Câu 1: 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.91362}{22.4}=0.13mol\)

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

 a           a                a           a

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

 2b          3b               b                 3b

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+54b=2.58\\a+3b=0.13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.04\\b=0.03\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.04\times24=0.96g\)

\(m_{Al}=0.03\times2\times27=1.62g\)

\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.04+3\times0.03}{0.5}=0.26l\)

Câu 2:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.136}{22.4}=0.14mol\)

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

a            a              a             a

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

b           b                 b         b

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=4.96\\a+b=0.14\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.09\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.09\times24=2.16g\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.05\times56=2.8g\)

\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.14\times98\times100}{200}=6.86\%\)

Câu 3: 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.568}{22.4}=0.07mol\)

\(Ba+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+H_2\)

a           a              a             a

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

b          b                 b             b

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}137a+24b=3.94\\a+b=0.07\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.02\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Ba}=0.02\times137=2.74g\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.05\times24=1.2g\)

\(CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.07}{0.1}=0.7M\)

Gọi nMg = a (mol); nFe = b (mol)

24a + 56b = 10,4 (1)

nH2 = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 (mol)

PTHH:

Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

a ---> a ---> a ---> a

Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

b ---> b ---> b ---> b

a + b = 0,3 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)

mMg = 0,2 . 24 = 4,8 (g)

mFe = 0,1 . 56 = 5,6 (g)

a)PTHH Mg + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + H2

 Theo pt 1mol  2mol       1mol       1mol

Theo bài x mol                                   x mol

PTHH Fe +  2HCl —> FeCl2 + H2

Theo pt1mol  2mol       1mol       1mol

Theo bài 0,3-x                                   0,3-x

Số moi H2 (đktc)là nH2=V/22,4=6,72/22,4=0,3 moi

b)đặt H2 ở pt1 là x và H2 pt2 là 0,3-x

Ta được pt: 24x + (0,3-x)56 = 10,4g

=>giải pt ta được x=0,2

Khối lượng Mg là: mMg=n.m=24.0,2=4.8(g)

Khối lượng Fe là:mFe=n.m=(0,3-0,2).56=5,6(g)

Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            a--------------->a------>1,5a

            Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

             b--------------->b---->b

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5a+b=0,6\\133,5a+95b=55,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,3 (mol)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{0,2.27+0,3.24}.100\%=42,857\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{0,2.27+0,3.24}.100\%=57,143\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al\\Mg\end{matrix}\right.+HCl->\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl3\\MgCl2\end{matrix}\right.+H2\)

2Al + 3HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

0,2      0,3                      0,3

Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

0,3      0,6                     0,3

=> mHCl dùng = 0,9 . 36,5 = 32,85 (g)

=> mH2 = 0,6 . 2 = 1,2 (g)

Bảo toàn khối lượng :

=> mX = 55,2 + 1,2 - 32,85 = 23,55 (g)

Ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2y=1,2\left(bt-e\right)\\133,5x+95y=55,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%mAl=\dfrac{0,2.27}{0,2.27+0,3.24}=42,85\%\\\%mMg=100\%-42,85\%=57,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)