ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}-3\right)^2}=2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{x+1}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{x+1}-3\right|=\left|2\sqrt{x+1}-2\right|\)

Áp dụng BĐT trị tuyệt đối:

\(\left|\sqrt{x+1}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{x+1}-3\right|\ge\left|\sqrt{x+1}+1+\sqrt{x+1}-3\right|=\left|2\sqrt{x+1}-2\right|\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(\sqrt{x+1}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x+1}-3\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}-3\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1\ge9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge8\)

1) \(\sqrt{5-2x}=6\left(đk:x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5-2x=36\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-31\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{31}{2}\left(tm\right)\)

2) \(\sqrt{2-x}=\sqrt{x+1}\left(đk:2\ge x\ge-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2-x=x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)

3) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

4) \(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=x-2\left(đk:x\ge2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=x-2\left(x\ge5\right)\\x-5=2-x\left(2\le x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5=2\left(VLý\right)\\x=\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

lamf nốt 4

\(\sqrt{x+3-4\sqrt{x-1}}+\sqrt{x+8+6\sqrt{x-1}}\) = 5

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1-4\sqrt{x-1}+4}+\sqrt{x-1+6\sqrt{x-1}+9}=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+3\right)^2}=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2\right|+\sqrt{x-1}+3=5\)

Nếu \(\sqrt{x-1}\ge2\Rightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2\right|=\sqrt{x-1}-2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-2+\sqrt{x-1}+3=5\)

\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{x-1}=4\Leftrightarrow x=5\)

Nếu \(0\le\sqrt{x-1}< 2\Rightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2\right|=2-\sqrt{x-1}\Rightarrow2-\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x-1}+3=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2+3=5\)