Cho a=(1-1/2)*(1-1/3)*(1-1/4)*...*(1-1/19)*(1-1/20). So sanh a voi 1/21
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10A=10^20+10/10^20+1=1+9/10^20+1 (1)
10B=10^21+10/10^21+1=1+9/10^21+1 (2)
tu (1) va (2) suy ra 10a<10b
suy ra a<b
A có : 100 - 2 + 1 = 99 thừa số.
Tất cả thừa số của A đều âm.
=> A < 0 < \(\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+....+\frac{1}{2017.2017}\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2.2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3.3}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\frac{1}{4.4}< \frac{1}{3.4}\)
........
\(\frac{1}{2017.2017}< \frac{1}{2016.2017}\)
=> \(A=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+....+\frac{1}{2017.2017}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{2016.2017}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2017}< 1\)
=> A < 1
\(a=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+........+\frac{1}{2017.2017}\)
\(a< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+......+\frac{1}{2016.2017}\)
\(a< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+......+\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(a< 1-\frac{1}{2017}\)
Do \(a< 1-\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow a< 1\)
\(A=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{19}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(A=\left(\frac{2}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{3}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)...\left(\frac{19}{19}-\frac{1}{19}\right)\left(\frac{20}{20}-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}...\frac{18}{19}.\frac{19}{20}\)
\(A=\frac{1.2.3...18.19}{2.3.4...19.20}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{20}\Leftrightarrow A>\frac{1}{21}\)
\(A=\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right).....\left(1-\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}......\frac{19}{20}=\frac{1}{20}>\frac{1}{21}\)
\(\text{Vậy: A lớn hơn 1/21}\)