phân tích đa thức bằng phương pháp đặt ẩn phụ:
a) (x2 + x) + 4x2 + 4x - 12
b) (x2 + x + 1)(x2 + x + 2) - 12
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\(\left(x^2+4x+8\right)^2+3x\left(x^2+4x+8\right)+2x^2=\left(x^2+4x+8+\dfrac{3}{2}x\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}x^2=\left(x^2+\dfrac{11}{2}x+8\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)^2=\left(x^2+\dfrac{11}{2}x+8-\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)\left(x^2+\dfrac{11}{2}x+8+\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)=\left(x^2+5x+8\right)\left(x^2+6x+8\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+8\right)\)
\(\left(x^2+4x+8\right)^2+3x\left(x^2+4x+8\right)+2x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x+8\right)^2+x\left(x^2+4x+8\right)+2x\left(x^2+4x+8\right)+2x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x+8\right)\left(x^2+5x+8\right)+2x\left(x^2+5x+8\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+8\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
a: =>(x^2-2x+1-1)^2+2(x-1)^2=1
=>(x-1)^4-2(x-1)^2+1+2(x-1)^2=1
=>(x-1)^4=0
=>x-1=0
=>x=1
b: =>(x^2+2)^2+3x(x^2+2)+2x^2-20x^2=0
=>(x^2+2)^2+3x(x^2+2)-18x^2=0
=>(x^2+2+6x)(x^2-3x+2)=0
=>\(x\in\left\{-3\pm\sqrt{7};1;2\right\}\)
a: Ta có: \(x^2-4y^2-2x-4y\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)
c: Ta có: \(x^3+2x^2y-x-2y\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2y\right)-\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
d: Ta có: \(3x^2-3y^2-2\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)
e: Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\)
\(=x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
a) = (2x+1)^2 - 2^2
= (2x+3)(2x-1)
b) = (x-4)(x+3)
c) = (x+1)(x+3)
a/ \(\left(x+y\right)^2-8\left(x+y\right)+12\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-8+12\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+4\right)\)
==========
b/\(\left(x^2+2x\right)^2-2x^2-4x-3\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x\right)^2-\left(2x^2+4x\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x\right)^2-2\left(x^2+2x\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x\right)\left(x^2+2x-5\right)\)
===========
c/ \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2-2\left(x^2+x\right)-15\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)\left(x^2+x-2-15\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)\left(x^2+x-17\right)\)
[---]
a,\(\left(x^2+x\right)2+3\left(x^2+x\right)+2\)
=\(\left(x^2+x\right)6+2\)
b,\(\left(x^2+x\right)2-2\left(x^2+x\right)-15\)
=\(-4\left(x^2+x\right)-15\)
c,\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\)
=\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+1-12\)
=\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2-11\)
d,\(\left(x^2+x\right)2+4x^2+4x-12\)
=\(x\left(x+1\right)2+2x\left(x+1\right)-12\)
=\(2x\left(x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)-12\)
=\(\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+2x-12\right)\)
= \(\left(x+1\right)\left(4x-12\right)=4\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
e,\(\left(x^2+2x\right)2+9x^2+18x+20\)
=\(x\left(x+2\right)2+9x\left(x+2\right)+20\)
=\(2x\left(x+2\right)+9x\left(x+2\right)+20=\left(x+2\right)\left(2x+9x+20\right)\)
=\(\left(x+2\right)\left(11x+20\right)\)
a: (x^2+x)^2+4x^2+4x-12
=(x^2+x)^2+4(x^2+x)-12
=(x^2+x+6)(x^2+x-2)
=(x^2+x+6)(x+2)(x-1)
b: =(x^2+8x)^2+22(x^2+8x)+105+15
=(x^2+8x)^2+22(x^2+8x)+120
=(x^2+8x+10)(x^2+8x+12)
=(x^2+8x+10)(x+2)(x+6)
c: =8x^2+12x-2x-3
=(2x+3)(4x-1)
a: =(x^2+x)^2+4(x^2+x)-12
=(x^2+x+6)(x^2+x-2)
=(x^2+x+6)(x+2)(x-1)
b: =(x^2+8x)^2+22(x^2+8x)+120
=(x^2+8x+12)(x^2+8x+10)
=(x+2)(x+6)(x^2+8x+10)
c: =8x^2+12x-2x-3
=(2x+3)(4x-1)
a) \(x^2\left(x^2+4\right)-x^2-4=x^2\left(x^2+4\right)-\left(x^2+4\right)=\left(x^2+4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(x^2+4\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b) \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2+4x^2+4x-12=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+4\left(x^2+x\right)+4-16=\left(x^2+x+2\right)^2-4^2=\left(x^2+x+2-4\right)\left(x^2+x+2+4\right)=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)\)
c) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)^2+2\left(x^2+7x+10\right)+1-25=\left(x^2+7x+11\right)^2-5^2=\left(x^2+7x+11-5\right)\left(x^2+7x+11+5\right)=\left(x^2+7x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+16\right)\)
a. \(x^2\left(x^2+4\right)-x^2-4\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+4\right)-\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
b. \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2+4x^2+4x-12\)
\(=x^4+2x^3+5x^2+4x-12\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)\)
c. \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)-24\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-24\) (*)
Đặt \(t=x^2+7x+10\), ta được
(*) \(=t\left(t+2\right)-24\)
\(=t^2+2t-24\)
\(=\left(t-4\right)\left(t+6\right)\)
hay \(\left(x^2+7x+6\right)\left(x^2+7x+18\right)\)
a) Đề đúng: \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2+4x^2+4x-12\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)+4\left(x^2+x\right)-12\)
Đặt \(x^2+x=y\)
BT = \(y^2+4y-12\)
\(=\left(y+2\right)^2-4^2\)
\(=\left(y-2\right)\left(y+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b) Đặt \(x^2+x+1=y\)
=> BT = \(y\left(y+1\right)-12\)
\(=y^2+y-12\)
\(=\left(y-3\right)\left(y+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)\)
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