(2n+6) chia hết cho (2n-1) Tìm n
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2n + 6 = 2n - 2 + 8
Để (2n + 6) ⋮ (2n - 2) thì 8 ⋮ (2n - 2)
⇒ 2n - 2 ∈ Ư(8) = {-8; -4; -2; -1; 1; 2; 4; 8}
⇒ 2n ∈{-6; -2; 0; 1; 3; 4; 6; 10}
⇒ n ∈ {-3; -1; 0; 1/2; 3/2; 2; 3; 5}
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(2n^2\left(n+1\right)-2n\left(n^2+n-3\right)\)
\(=2n^3+2n^2-2n^3-2n^2+6n\)
\(=6n⋮6\)
1) \(2n^2\left(n+1\right)-2n\left(n^2+n-3\right)=2n^3+2n^2-2n^3-2n^2+6n=6n⋮6\forall n\in Z\)
2) \(n\left(3-2n\right)-\left(n-1\right)\left(1+4n\right)-1=3n-2n^2-4n^2+3n+1-1=-6n^2+6n=6\left(-n^2+n\right)⋮6\forall n\in Z\)
a, Ta có : \(\text{n + 5 = (n - 1)+6}\)
Vì \(\text{(n-1) ⋮ n-1}\)
Nên để \(\text{n+5 ⋮ n-1}\)⋮ `n-1`
Thì \(\text{6 ⋮ n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n - 1 ∈ Ư(6)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n - 1 ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{±1;±2;±3;±6}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{0;-1;-2;-5;2;3;4;7}\right\}\) \(\text{( TM )}\)
\(\text{________________________________________________________}\)
b, Ta có : \(\text{2n-4 = (2n+4)- 8 = 2(n+2) - 8}\)
Vì \(\text{2(n+2) ⋮ n+2}\)
Nên để \(\text{2n-4 ⋮ n+2}\)
Thì \(\text{8 ⋮ n+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n + 2 ∈ Ư(8)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n + 2 ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{±1;±2;±4;±8}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{-3;-4;-6;-10;-1;0;2;6}\right\}\) ( TM )
\(\text{_________________________________________________________________ }\)
c, Ta có :\(\text{ 6n + 4 = (6n + 3) +1 = 3(2n+1) + 1}\)
Vì \(\text{3(2n+1) ⋮ 2n+1}\)
Nên để\(\text{ 6n+4 ⋮ 2n+1}\)
Thì \(\text{1 ⋮ 2n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{2n + 1 ∈ Ư(1)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{2n + 1 ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{±1}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{2n ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{-2;0}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{-1;0}\right\}\) ( TM )
\(\text{_______________________________________}\)
Ta có : \(\text{3 - 2n = -( 2n - 3 ) = -( 2n + 2 ) + 5 = -2( n+1)+5}\)
Vì \(\text{-2(n+1) ⋮ n+1}\)
Nên để \(\text{3-2n ⋮ n+1}\)
Thì\(\text{ 5 ⋮ n + 1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n + 1 ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{±1;±5}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n ∈}\) \(\text{-2;-6;0;4}\) ( TM )
Trong 3 số `2n+1, 2n+2, 2n+3` luôn có một số chia hết cho 3
\(\Rightarrow\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+2\right)\left(2n+3\right)⋮3\) (1)
Xét \(n⋮2\)
Có: \(2n⋮2,2⋮2\Rightarrow2n+2⋮2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+2\right)\left(2n+3\right)⋮2\) (2)
Xét \(n⋮̸2\)
Có: \(2n⋮2\left(dư1\right),1⋮2\left(dư1\right)\Rightarrow2n+1⋮2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+2\right)\left(2n+3\right)⋮2\) (3)
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(2n-1⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow2n+2-3⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow3⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow n+1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow n+1=1;-1;3;-3\)
\(\Rightarrow n=0;-2;2;-4\)
Ta có: \(\frac{2n+6}{2n-1}=\frac{2n-1+7}{2n-1}=1+\frac{7}{2n-1}\)
để \(2n-6⋮2n-1\) thì \(7⋮2n-1\)
hay 2n -1 \(\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm7\right\}\)
xét bảng
vậy........