b, x=y=-1

a) Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta dc: 

\(\frac{ab+1}{9}=\frac{ac+2}{15}=\frac{bc+3}{27}=\frac{ab+ac+bc+6}{51}=\frac{17}{51}=\frac{1}{3}\)

=> \(\frac{ab+1}{9}=\frac{1}{3}\)=> ab = 2 (1)

Tương tự nha vậy ta dc: ac = 3 (2) và bc = 6 (3)

Khi đó: (abc)² = 36 => \(\orbr{\begin{cases}abc=6\\abc=-6\end{cases}}\)

* Với abc = 6

Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}c=3\\b=2\\a=1\end{cases}}\)

* Với abc = - 6

Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}c=-3\\b=-2\\a=-1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy ...

b) x + 2xy + y = 0

<=> 2x + 4xy + 2y = 0

<=> 2x(1 + 2y) + (1 + 2y) = 1

<=> (2x + 1)(2y + 1) = 1

Tới đây bạn giải theo pt ước số nha

1) \(\Sigma\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}-\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{2\sqrt{a}}-3\)

\(\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{27}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}-3\ge\frac{27}{2\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)}}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)

2.

Vỉ \(ab+bc+ca+abc=4\)thi luon ton tai \(a=\frac{2x}{y+z};b=\frac{2y}{z+x};c=\frac{2z}{x+y}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT=2\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le2\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{a}{c+a}}{2}=3\)

\(M=\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

Đánh giá đại diện: \(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}=\frac{1}{b-c}-\frac{1}{b-a}\)

                   \(\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\frac{1}{c-a}-\frac{1}{c-b}\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}+\frac{1}{b-c}-\frac{1}{b-a}+\frac{1}{c-a}-\frac{1}{c-b}\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\)

\(\Rightarrow M=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)=2N\left(đpcm\right)\)