1) \(\sqrt[]{3x+7}-5< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{3x+7}< 5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x+7\ge0\cap3x+7< 25\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge-\dfrac{7}{3}\cap x< 6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{7}{3}\le x< 6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3^{x^2}.4^{x+1}=3^{-x}\)

Lấy logarit cơ số 3 hai vế:

\(\Rightarrow log_3\left(3^{x^2}.4^{x+1}\right)=log_3\left(3^{-x}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+\left(x+1\right)log_34=-x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+\left(x+1\right)log_34=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)log_34=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+log_34\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-log_34=-2log_32\end{matrix}\right.\)

1.

\(2cos4x-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos4x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Mà \(cos4x\in\left[-1;1\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow\) phương trình vô nghiệm.

2.

\(cos5x+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos5x=-2\)

Mà \(cos5x\in\left[-1;1\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow\) phương trình vô nghiệm.

3.

\(cos2x+0,7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=-\dfrac{7}{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\pm arccos\left(-\dfrac{7}{10}\right)+k2\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{arccos\left(-\dfrac{7}{10}\right)}{2}+k\pi\)

4.

\(cos^22x-\dfrac{1}{4}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^22x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos2x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\cos2x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\pm\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\2x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\\x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 1: ĐKXĐ: $2\leq x\leq 4$
PT $\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{4-x})^2=2$

$\Leftrightarrow 2+2\sqrt{(x-2)(4-x)}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-2)(4-x)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x-2=0$ hoặc $4-x=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2$ hoặc $x=4$ (tm)

Bài 2:
PT $\Leftrightarrow 4x^3(x-1)-3x^2(x-1)+6x(x-1)-4(x-1)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(4x^3-3x^2+6x-4)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1$ hoặc $4x^3-3x^2+6x-4=0$

Với $4x^3-3x^2+6x-4=0(*)$

Đặt $x=t+\frac{1}{4}$ thì pt $(*)$ trở thành:
$4t^3+\frac{21}{4}t-\frac{21}{8}=0$

Đặt $t=m-\frac{7}{16m}$ thì pt trở thành:

$4m^3-\frac{343}{1024m^3}-\frac{21}{8}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow 4096m^6-2688m^3-343=0$

Coi đây là pt bậc 2 ẩn $m^3$ và giải ta thu được \(m=\frac{\sqrt[3]{49}}{4}\) hoặc \(m=\frac{-\sqrt[3]{7}}{4}\)

Khi đó ta thu được \(x=\frac{1}{4}(1-\sqrt[3]{7}+\sqrt[3]{49})\)

Bài `1:`

`h)(3/4x-1)(5/3x+2)=0`

`=>[(3/4x-1=0),(5/3x+2=0):}=>[(x=4/3),(x=-6/5):}`

______________

Bài `2:`

`b)3x-15=2x(x-5)`

`<=>3(x-5)-2x(x-5)=0`

`<=>(x-5)(3-2x)=0<=>[(x=5),(x=3/2):}`

`d)x(x+6)-7x-42=0`

`<=>x(x+6)-7(x+6)=0`

`<=>(x+6)(x-7)=0<=>[(x=-6),(x=7):}`

`f)x^3-2x^2-(x-2)=0`

`<=>x^2(x-2)-(x-2)=0`

`<=>(x-2)(x^2-1)=0<=>[(x=2),(x^2=1<=>x=+-2):}`

`h)(3x-1)(6x+1)=(x+7)(3x-1)`

`<=>18x^2+3x-6x-1=3x^2-x+21x-7`

`<=>15x^2-23x+6=0<=>15x^2-5x-18x+6=0`

`<=>(3x-1)(5x-1)=0<=>[(x=1/3),(x=1/5):}`

`j)(2x-5)^2-(x+2)^2=0`

`<=>(2x-5-x-2)(2x-5+x+2)=0`

`<=>(x-7)(3x-3)=0<=>[(x=7),(x=1):}`

`w)x^2-x-12=0`

`<=>x^2-4x+3x-12=0`

`<=>(x-4)(x+3)=0<=>[(x=4),(x=-3):}`

`m)(1-x)(5x+3)=(3x-7)(x-1)`

`<=>(1-x)(5x+3)+(1-x)(3x-7)=0`

`<=>(1-x)(5x+3+3x-7)=0`

`<=>(1-x)(8x-4)=0<=>[(x=1),(x=1/2):}`

`p)(2x-1)^2-4=0`

`<=>(2x-1-2)(2x-1+2)=0`

`<=>(2x-3)(2x+1)=0<=>[(x=3/2),(x=-1/2):}`

`r)(2x-1)^2=49`

`<=>(2x-1-7)(2x-1+7)=0`

`<=>(2x-8)(2x+6)=0<=>[(x=4),(x=-3):}`

`t)(5x-3)^2-(4x-7)^2=0`

`<=>(5x-3-4x+7)(5x-3+4x-7)=0`

`<=>(x+4)(9x-10)=0<=>[(x=-4),(x=10/9):}`

`u)x^2-10x+16=0`

`<=>x^2-8x-2x+16=0`

`<=>(x-2)(x-8)=0<=>[(x=2),(x=8):}`

\(\text{Δ}_1=\left(-3\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(2m+3\right)\)

\(=9-8m-12\)

\(=-8m-3\)

\(\text{Δ}_2=\left(-4\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(m-1\right)\)

\(=16-4m+4\)

\(=-4m+20\)

Để (2) là phương trình hệ quả của (1) thì -8m-3=-4m+20

\(\Leftrightarrow-4m=23\)

hay \(m=-\dfrac{23}{4}\)

tại sao để (2) là pthq của (1) thì lại có Δ1 = Δ2 ạ?

ý 1: Để pt (1) có 1 nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\Delta=0\)

\(\Delta=\left(-5\right)^2-4m+8=-4m+33\)

\(\Rightarrow33-4m=0\Rightarrow m=\dfrac{33}{4}\)

ý 2: Khi \(m=4\Rightarrow x^2-5x+2=0\)

\(\Delta=\left(-5\right)^2-8=17\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-b-\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{5-\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-b+\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{5+\sqrt{17}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

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