a, Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\left(k\ne0\right)\Rightarrow a=kb;c=kd\)

Thay:

\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)

\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)

=> đpcm

Câu 1:
\(4\sqrt[4]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+4\right)\left(c-2\right)\left(d-3\right)}\le a+1+b+4+c-2+d-3=a+b+c+d\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi a = -1; b = -4; c = 2; d= 3

\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^2b}\ge\frac{2}{b^3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}\ge\frac{2}{b^3}-\frac{1}{a^2b}\)

\(\frac{2}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\ge\frac{3}{a^2b}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{a^2b}\le\frac{2}{3a^3}+\frac{1}{3b^3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{b^5}\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{5}{3b^3}-\frac{2}{3a^3}\right)=\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{d^3}\)

Vì \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\) nên ad=bc và \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)(1)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)(2)

Từ (1) và (2), ta suy ra: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)

Lời giải:

a)

Ta có:

\(ab-\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}=\frac{2ab-(a^2+b^2)}{2}=-\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{2}=-\frac{(a-b)^2}{2}\leq 0, \forall a,b\in\mathbb{R}\)

\(\Rightarrow ab\leq \frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\) (đpcm)

b) Ta có:

\(ab-\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^2=\frac{4ab-(a+b)^2}{4}=-\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{4}=-\frac{(a-b)^2}{4}\leq 0, \forall a,b\in\mathbb{R}\)

\(\Rightarrow ab\leq \left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\) (đpcm)

c) Sửa đề: Lớn hơn hoặc bằng $(\geq)$ chứ không phải lớn hơn nha.

Ta có:

\((a+b+c)^2-3(ab+bc+ac)=a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\)

\(=\frac{2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac}{2}=\frac{(a^2-2ab+b^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)+(c^2-2ac+a^2)}{2}\)

\(=\frac{(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2}{2}\geq 0, \forall a,b,c\in\mathbb{R}\)

\(\Rightarrow (a+b+c)^2\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" của cả 3 phần xảy ra khi các biển bằng nhau.

Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)

\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z