a) $n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{HCl} =2 n_{Fe} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{200}.100\% = 7,3\%$

b) $n_{H_2} = n_{FeCl_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,2(mol)

Sau phản ứng, $m_{dd} = 11,2 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 210,8(gam)$
$C\%_{FeCl_2} = \dfrac{0,2.127}{210,8}.100\% = 12,05\%$

Đáp án C

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7.3}{36.5}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

Ta có : 

\(n_{NaOH}>n_{HCl}\Rightarrow NaOHdư\)

\(n_{NaOH\left(pư\right)}=n_{HCl}=n_{NaCl}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0.3-0.2=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{cr}=m_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}+m_{NaCl}=0.1\cdot40+0.2\cdot58.5=15.7\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H₂O

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{1}\)

Vậy NaOH dư, HCl hết.

Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{71.20}{100.142}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{100.10,4}{100.208}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2NaCl\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\) => BaCl₂ hết, Na₂SO₄ dư

PTHH: \(Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2NaCl\)

            0,05<--------0,05---->0,05------->0,1

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na_2SO_4}=\left(0,1-0,05\right).142=7,1\left(g\right)\\m_{NaCl}=0,1.58,5=5,85\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

m_{dd sau pư} = 71 + 100 - 0,05.233 = 159,35(g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(Na_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{7,1}{159,35}.100\%=4,456\%\\C\%\left(NaCl\right)=\dfrac{5,85}{159,35}.100\%=3,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 6:

\(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{21,4}{107}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

_______0,2________0,6______0,2 (mol)

a, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)

b, \(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.162,5}{21,4+200}.100\%\approx14,68\%\)

Bài 7:

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.9,8\%=9,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)

______0,1______0,1_______0,1 (mol)

a, \(m_{ZnO}=0,1.81=8,1\left(g\right)\)

b, \(C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.161}{8,1+100}.100\%\approx14,89\%\)

 a) nFe= 16/56 =~ 0,3 mol 

mH2S04 =( C% .mdd ) /100%= ( 20.100) /100 = 20g 

nH2SO4 = 20/98 =~ 0,2mol  

lập pthh của pu 

Fe + H2SO4 ----------> FeSO4 + H2

1mol   1mol                 1mol        1mol 

0,3mol  0,2mol 

xét tỉ lệ  nFe dư sau pư vậy tính theo mol H2SO4 

nFe (pư) = (0,2 .1 )/1 =0,2mol 

nFe (dư) = 0,3 -0,2 =0,1mol 

mFe dư = 0,1 . 56 = 5,6 g

mFeSO4 = 0,2 .152 = 30,4 g 

b) mdd sau pư = mFe + m dung môi  = 16 +100=116 g

c% Fe = (5,6 / 116) .100%=~ 4,83%

c% FeSO4 =(30,4/116).100%=~ 26,21%

a)  đối 200ml =0,2 lít 

 CMFe =n/v = 0,1 / 0,2 =0,5 mol/lít 

    CMFeSO4 =n/v = 0,2/0,2=1 mol /lít  

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ --> Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

______0,05------>0,15--------->0,05

=> m_H2SO4 = 0,15.98 = 14,7(g)

=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{14,7}{100}.100\%=14,7\%\)

\(C\%\left(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)=\dfrac{0,05.400}{8+100}.100\%=18,52\%\)

PTHH: Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 6NaOH --> 2Fe(OH)₃\(\downarrow\) + 3Na₂SO₄

________0,05----------------------->0,1

=> mFe(OH)₃ = 0,1.107=10,7(g)

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{33,6}{56}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{784\cdot10\%}{98}=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,6}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) H₂SO₄ còn dư, Fe phản ứng hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6mol\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeSO_4}=0,6\cdot152=91,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,6\cdot2=1,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=816,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{91,2}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx11,17\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{19,6}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx2,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{33,6}{56}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{784.10\%}{98}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : \(Fe+H_2SO_4-->FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Theo pthh : \(n_{H2}=n_{FeSO4}=n_{H2SO4\left(pứ\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=0,8-0,6=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Áp dụng ĐLBTKL :

m_Fe + m_{(dd H2SO4)} = m_(ddspu) + m_H2

=> 33,6 + 784 = m_(ddspu) + 0,6.2

=> m_(ddspu) = 816,4(g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%FeSO_{\text{4}}=\dfrac{0,6.152}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx11,17\%\\C\%H_2SO_{4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{816,4}\cdot100\%\approx2,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)