PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{ZnCl_2}\\n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0.3\cdot65}{35,5}\cdot100\%\approx54,93\%\\\%m_{Cu}=45,07\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{500}\cdot100\%=4,38\%\\m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\cdot136=40,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=35,5-0,3\cdot65=16\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{Cu}-m_{H_2}=518,9\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{40,8}{518,9}\cdot100\%\approx7,86\%\)

m _{dd sau pư} = m_Fe + m _{dd HCl} - m_H2 thôi em nhé, Cu không phản ứng nên không cộng thêm vào.

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

a) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{10}.100\%=56\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)

b) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=2n_{HCl}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%}.100\%=100\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{ddspu}=10+100-0,1.2=109,8\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{109,8}.100\%=11,57\%\)

\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5g\\ m_{Cu}=9,7-6,5=3,2g\\ b)C_{\%ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{6,5+120-0,1.2}\cdot100=10,77\%\)

a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(m_{HCl}=730.10\%=73\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73}{36,5}=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

→ n_HCl > 2n_H2 ⇒ HCl dư.

Ta có: 27n_Al + 65n_Zn = 23,8 (1)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Zn}=0,8\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{23,8}.100\%\approx45,4\%\\\%m_{Zn}\approx54,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{H_2}=1,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=2-1,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 23,8 + 730 - 0,8.2 = 752,2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,4.133,5}{752,2}.100\%\approx7,1\%\\C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{752,2}.100\%\approx3,62\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{752,2}.100\%\approx1,94\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố M: n_MSO4 = 0,25mol

Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cu: n_{CuSO4 dư} = 0,1 mol

=> M = 24 (Mg)

b.

a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

m_{hh Zn và Fe} = 21,6-3 = 18,6 (g)

PTHH: Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      x                                           x

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      y                                           y 

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=18,6\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65.100\%}{21,6}=60,19\%\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56.100\%}{21,6}=25,93\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100-60,19-25,93=13,88\%\)

b,

PTHH: Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂

Mol:     0,2     0,2                            0,2

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ + H₂

Mol:     0,1      0,1                            0,1 

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).98=29,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4.100\%}{25\%}=117,6\left(g\right)\)

c,m_{dd sau pư} = 21,6+117,6- (0,1+0,2).2 = 138,6 (g)

\(C\%_{ddZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.161.100\%}{138,6}=23,23\%\)

\(C\%_{ddFeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.152.100\%}{138,6}=10,97\%\)

củm on :<

Chỉ có Zn phản ứng thôi. Cu không phản ứng, không tan.---->Chất rắn không tan là Cu

Zn+ H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4+ H2↑
0.1 0.1
nH2= 2.24: 22.4=0.1 mol
mZn= 0.1x65=6.5 g
mCu=10.5-6,5=4 g
%Zn=6.5:10.5x100%=61.9%
%Cu=4:10.5x100%=38.1%

a) \(Zn + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow ZnSO_4 + H_2\)

Cu không pư H₂SO₄ loãng

b)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}= 0,1 mol\)

Theo PTHH:

\(n_{Zn}= n_{H_2}= 0,1 mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}= 0,1 . 65= 6,5 g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}= m_{hh KL} - m_{Zn}= 10 - 6,5 = 3,5 g\)

Gọi \(n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\)\(;n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

0,1                                   0,1

\(m_{Zn}=0,1\cdot65=6,5g\)

\(m_{Cu}=10-6,4=3,6g\)

\(a.Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ b.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}-0,2mol\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,2mol\\ \%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{19,4}\cdot100=67,01\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100-67,01=32,99\%\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{20}\cdot100=98g\)