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\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\left(2\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.785}{24.79}=0.15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot0.15=0.1\left(mol\right),n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0.15\cdot2=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=40-2.7=37.3\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{37.3}{102}=0.36\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0.36\cdot6=2.16\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.3+2.16=2.46\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{2.46}{2}=1.23\left(l\right)\)
Câu 1:
a) CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
CaO + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + H2O
b)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
_____0,4<---------0,8<-----------------0,4
=> mCaCO3 = 0,4.100 = 40(g)
=> mCaO = 62,4 - 40 = 22,4 (g)
c) \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
CaO + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + H2O
_0,4-->0,8
=> nHCl = 0,8 + 0,8 = 1,6(mol)
=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{1,6}{0,25}=6,4M\)
Câu 1:
\(a,CaO+2HCl\to CaCl_2+H_2O\\ CaCO_3+2HCl\to CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ b,n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CaCO_3}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,4.100=40(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO}=62,4-40=22,4(g)\\ c,n_{CaO}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{HCl}=0,4.2+0,4.2=1,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6}{0,25}=6,4M\)
Câu 2: Đề thiếu
a) Đặt số mol của MO, M(OH)2, MCO3 tương ứng là x, y, z.
Nếu tạo muối trung hòa ta có các phản ứng:
MO + H2SO4 →MSO4 + H2O (1)
M(OH)2 + H2SO4 →MSO4 + 2H2O (2)
MCO3 + H2SO4 →MSO4 + H2O + CO2 (3)
Nếu tạo muối axít ta có các phản ứng:
MO + 2H2SO4 →M(HSO4)2 + H2O (4)
M(OH)2 + 2H2SO4 →M(HSO4)2 + 2H2O (5)
MCO3 + 2H2SO4 →M(HSO4)2 + H2O + CO2 (6)
Ta có :
– TH1: Nếu muối là MSO4 M + 96 = 218 M = 122 (loại)
– TH2: Nếu là muối M(HSO4)2 M + 97.2 = 218 M = 24 (Mg)
Vậy xảy ra phản ứng (4, 5, 6) tạo muối Mg(HSO4)2
b) Theo (4, 5, 6) Số mol CO2 = 0,448/22,4 = 0,02 molz = 0,02 (I)
2x + 2y + 2z = 0,12 (II)
Đề bài: 40x + 58y + 84z = 3,64 (III)
Giải hệ (I, II, III): x = 0,02; y = 0,02; z = 0,02
%MgO = 40.0,02.100/3,64 = 21,98%
%Mg(OH)2 = 58.0,02.100/3,64 = 31,87%
%MgCO3 = 84.0,02.100/3,64 = 46,15%
a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,8}{22,4}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2CO_3+H_2O\)
0,125 0,25 0,125
\(a,C_{M\left(KOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
\(b,C_{M\left(K_2CO_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,1}=1,25\left(M\right)\)
a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=7,8-2,7=5,1\left(g\right)\)
c, Có: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{5,1}{102}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{10\%}=219\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 7,8 + 219 - 0,15.2 = 226,5 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{226,5}.100\%\approx11,79\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
b) \(n_{Fe}=n_{H2}=n_{H2SO4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al2O3}=15,8-5,6=10,2\left(g\right)\)
c) Ta có : \(n_{Al2O3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H2SO4}=3n_{Al2O3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{MddH2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1+0,3}{0,2}=2M\)
Sửa đề: 3,785 (l) → 3,7185 (l)
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{40}.100\%=6,75\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=93,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{40.93,25\%}{102}=\dfrac{373}{1020}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{212}{85}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{212}{85}}{2}=\dfrac{106}{85}\left(l\right)\approx1247,06\left(ml\right)\)
d, \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{212}{255}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{212}{255}.133,5=\dfrac{9434}{85}\left(g\right)\)
e, \(C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{212}{255}}{\dfrac{106}{85}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)